Compositions and methods for stimulating NK cell expansion and cytotoxicity are described. Therapeutic compositions and methods using expanded and stimulated NK cells are described.

The invention relates to the field of virology. The invention provides an isolated essentially mammalian negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus (MPV) within the subfamily Pneumovirinae of the family Paramyxoviridae and identifiable as phylogenetically corresponding to the genus Metapneumovirus and components thereof.

The present invention is directed to novel nucleotide and amino acid sequences of Porcine Parainfluenza Virus Type 1 (PPIV-1), including novel genotypes thereof, all of which are useful in the preparation of immunogenic compositions and vaccines for treating and preventing disease in swine.

Provided is an isolated mammalian negative strand RNA virus, metapneumovirus (MPV), within the sub-family Pneumoviridae, of the family Paramyxoviridae. Also provided are isolated mammalian negative strand RNA viruses identifiable as phylogenetically corresponding or relating to the genus Metapneumovirus and components thereof. In particular, provided is a mammalian MPV, subgroups and variants thereof. Also provided are genomic nucleotide sequences of different isolates of mammalian MPV, in particular, human MPV. Disclosed is the use of the sequence information of different isolates of mammalian MPV for diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Provided are nucleotide sequences encoding the genome of an MPV or a portion thereof, including both mammalian and avian MPV. Further described are chimeric or recombinant viruses encoded by the nucleotide sequences and chimeric and recombinant mammalian MPV that comprise one or more non-native or heterologous sequences. Also provided are vaccine formulations comprising mammalian or avian MPV, including recombinant and chimeric forms thereof. The vaccine preparations encompass multivalent vaccines, including bivalent and trivalent vaccine preparations.

The present invention provides an anticancer agent containing the following (1) and (2): (1) HVJ-E (hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope), (2) an inhibitor of an immune checkpoint protein.

Recombinant paramyxoviruses including a viral genome encoding a heterologous gene are provided. In several embodiments, the recombinant paramyxovirus is a recombinant parainfluenza virus, such as a recombinant PIV3 including a viral genome encoding a heterologous respiratory syncytial virus F ectodomain linked to the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail of the F protein from the PIV3. Nucleic acid molecules including the genome of a recombinant paramyxoviruses are also provided. The recombinant viruses may advantageously be used in vaccine formulations, such as for vaccines against parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus.

Recombinant chimeric bovine/human parainfluenza virus 3 (rB/HPIV3) vectors expressing a recombinant Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike (S) protein as well as methods of their use and manufacture, are provided. The rB/HPIV3 vector comprises a genome comprising a heterologous gene encoding the recombinant SARS-COV-2 S protein. Nucleic acid molecules comprising the sequence of the genome or antigenome of the disclosed rB/HPIV3 vectors are also provided. The disclosed rB/HPIV3 vectors can be used, for example, to induce an immune response to SARS-COV-2 and HPIV3 in a subject.

The present invention provides immunogenic chimeric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) compounds and associated compositions, along with methods of treating, preventing and/or diagnosing RSV- and PIV3-related disorders.

The present invention relates to stabilized pre-fusion human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV3) F protein, and fragments thereof. The invention also relates to nucleic acid molecules encoding such proteins and fragments, and to the use of the proteins, fragments and nucleic acid molecules.

The invention relates to the field of virology. The invention provides an isolated essentially mammalian negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus (MPV) within the subfamily Pneumovirinae of the family Paramyxoviridae and identifiable as phylogenetically corresponding to the genus Metapneumovirus and components thereof.