This invention relates to Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) derived from Enterovirus and vaccines comprising such VLPs which elicit immune responses and/or protective neutralizing antibody responses directed against an Enterovirus. The instant invention provides expression cassettes and methods for making Enterovirus CV-A16 VLPs and compositions enriched in CV-A16 VLPs which exhibit conformational epitopes which elicit immune responses and/or neutralizing antibody responses which may be used in vaccines directed against Enterovirus CV-A16.

The present invention provides a method for purifying an EV71 virus-like particle and a method for preparing a vaccine thereof. The virus-like particle is obtained by performing high density fermentation cultivation on recombinantly engineered bacteria; inducing expression of the EV71 virus-like particle protein expression using methanol; collecting the bacteria by centrifugation and performing high-pressure homogenization for disruption; performing precipitation on the supernatant with ammonium sulfate; and purifying by redissolution, ultrafiltration, ion exchange chromatography, molecular sieve chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography, etc.

The invention provides chimeric Enterovirus virus-like particles (VLPs) for protection and/or treatment against infection by more than one Enterovirus. More specifically, the present invention provides chimeric EV-A71 virus-like particles displaying CV-A16 VP1 polypeptides and at the same time maintaining important neutralizing antibody epitopes of EV-A71 itself. More specifically, the present invention provides chimeric CV-A16 virus-like particles displaying EV-A71 VP1 polypeptides. Thus, the present invention provides a bivalent vaccine comprising the chimeric virus-like particles which elicit an immune response and/or neutralizing antibody response to both EV-A71 and CVA-16 for the treatment of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease.

The invention is directed to a vaccine comprising: i) coxsackie B virus CBV1 and CBV2, and ii) at least one coxsackie B virus selected from CBV3, CBV4, CBV5 and CBV6. The CBVs are present in the vaccine in inactivated form, in the form of a component of the virus or as an antibody against the virus. The vaccine is effective in preventing and treating type 1 diabetes. So is an anti-coxsackie B virus composition provided.

Methods for raising an immune response in a mammal, by administration of an immunogenic composition comprising capsular saccharides from Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) serotypes conjugated to carrier proteins.

The invention is directed to a vaccine comprising: i) coxsackie B virus CBV1 and CBV2, and ii) at least one coxsackie B virus selected from CBV3, CBV4, CBV5 and CBV6. The CBVs are present in the vaccine in inactivated form, in the form of a component of the virus or as an antibody against the virus. The vaccine is effective in preventing and treating type 1 diabetes. So is an anti-coxsackie B virus composition provided.

The present disclosure relates to hand, foot, and mouth disease vaccines and immunogenic compositions having one or more antigens from at least one virus that causes hand, foot, and mouth disease in humans, and methods of manufacture, formulation, and testing, and uses thereof.

Fusion proteins comprising a carrier protein and a Human Rhinovirus (HRV) peptide, and immunogenic compositions containing such fusion proteins.

The present invention refers to pharmaceutical products comprising immunogenic compositions for modulating the immune system, which comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a Immunological Response Shifter (IRS) comprising two or more immunoactive antigenic agents presenting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) and/or danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) and/or Stress Response Signals (SRS), in association with an antibiotic and one or more physiologically acceptable carriers, excipients, diluents or solvents. IN other embodiments, the present invention refers to methods to treat severe bacterial infections, sepsis and modulating the immune system.

The disclosure provides nanoparticle and compound compositions and methods of making and using the same to a nucleic acid encoding a protein, antibody, or functional fragment thereof for administration to a subject. Various nanoparticle carriers are described. In some instances, the nanoparticle component may include a hydrophobic core having an inorganic particle, and optionally a membrane having a cationic lipid.