The present invention relates to cellobiohydrolase variants and carbohydrate binding module variants. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

An engineered microbe that contains a designed platform for the conversion of one-carbon substrates to chemical products is described. The designed platform embodies a new metabolic architecture that consolidates carbon fixation, central metabolism, and product synthesis into a single pathway. This is made possible by the key finding that 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase, an enzyme in the α-oxidation pathway, is capable of catalyzing the C—C bond formation between formyl-CoA and aldehydes of different chain lengths, allowing for the elongation of the carbon backbone of said aldehyde by one-carbon units. These novel microbes present an opportunity for the production of chemicals from single-carbon feedstocks such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formate, formaldehyde, methanol or methane.

An engineered microbe that contains a designed platform for the conversion of one-carbon substrates to chemical products is described. The designed platform embodies a new metabolic architecture that consolidates carbon fixation, central metabolism, and product synthesis into a single pathway. This is made possible by the key finding that 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase, an enzyme in the α-oxidation pathway, is capable of catalyzing the C—C bond formation between formyl-CoA and aldehydes of different chain lengths, allowing for the elongation of the carbon backbone of said aldehyde by one-carbon units. These novel microbes present an opportunity for the production of chemicals from single-carbon feedstocks such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formate, formaldehyde, methanol or methane.

The invention describes carbon fibers which are produced on the basis of different process chains from CO2. These include routes through natural resources such as algal biomass to produce carbon fiber precursors such as PAN from CO2, as well as the purely synthetic route via the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, which is also used to make CO2 carbon fiber precursors. In this way, CO2 from anthropogenic origin is to be converted into a solid aggregate state of carbon fiber, which can be disposed of at the end of its life cycle, after being used as highly valuable building material for industry and man, for the construction of buildings and vehicles. These processes produce by-products such as biodiesel and nutrients that generate added value. The production volumes of the resulting substances should be controllable by combining the methods presented here. Some of these processes alone have no long-term climate relevance because of the high costs, but in the initial phase of such a development with the help of carbon dioxide certificates or socio-political necessities they are able to quickly show that carbon fiber building materials can be produced which by themselves are made from CO2 and at least have the quality to be used in the construction sector and for example are feasible to replace steel, in that the paradigm of todays material production being CO2-positive, can be turned into the opposite. If the processes—which have the disadvantage of large-area consumption on the one hand and the of the lack of energy efficiency in the longer term on the other—can be coupled, they have the potential to support each other. By combining the methods, land use and costs can be adjusted to current regional economic performance based on the material paradigm of the future of carbon-negative production of carbon fibers, also depending on the current evolution of CO2 emission allowance prices. The invention has the desired effect in climate policy that high-tech technology transfer can take place into the currently disadvantaged regions of the world, which promotes the economic performance of today's disadvantaged regions and in particular creates the urgently needed jobs in these regions.

A method and system for reducing the unfermentable solids content in a protein portion, via a counter current wash, at the back end of a corn dry milling process for making alcohol is disclosed. The method can include separating the whole stillage byproduct into an insoluble solids portion and a stillage (centrate) portion, which includes protein. Thereafter, the stillage portion can be separated into a water soluble solids portion and a protein portion. The protein portion may be mixed with clean water to wash and dilute the protein portion. The diluted protein portion may be dewatered to form a dewatered protein portion and a centrate. A portion of the centrate may be used as a protein counter current wash when the protein portion is being separated from the stillage portion. The protein counter current wash reduces the amount of unfermentable solids in the protein portion and the centrate.

A method and system for reducing the unfermentable solids content in a protein portion, via a counter current wash, at the back end of a corn dry milling process for making alcohol is disclosed. The method can include separating the whole stillage byproduct into an insoluble solids portion and a stillage (centrate) portion, which includes protein. Thereafter, the stillage portion can be separated into a water soluble solids portion and a protein portion. The protein portion may be mixed with clean water to wash and dilute the protein portion. The diluted protein portion may be dewatered to form a dewatered protein portion and a centrate. A portion of the centrate may be used as a protein counter current wash when the protein portion is being separated from the stillage portion. The protein counter current wash reduces the amount of unfermentable solids in the protein portion and the centrate.

A method and system for reducing the unfermentable solids content in a protein portion, via a counter current wash, at the back end of a corn dry milling process for making alcohol is disclosed. The method can include separating the whole stillage byproduct into an insoluble solids portion and a stillage (centrate) portion, which includes protein. Thereafter, the stillage portion can be separated into a water soluble solids portion and a protein portion. The protein portion may be mixed with clean water to wash and dilute the protein portion. The diluted protein portion may be dewatered to form a dewatered protein portion and a centrate. A portion of the centrate may be used as a protein counter current wash when the protein portion is being separated from the stillage portion. The protein counter current wash reduces the amount of unfermentable solids in the protein portion and the centrate.

A method and system for reducing the unfermentable solids content in a protein portion, via a counter current wash, at the back end of a corn dry milling process for making alcohol is disclosed. The method can include separating the whole stillage byproduct into an insoluble solids portion and a stillage (centrate) portion, which includes protein. Thereafter, the stillage portion can be separated into a water soluble solids portion and a protein portion. The protein portion may be mixed with clean water to wash and dilute the protein portion. The diluted protein portion may be dewatered to form a dewatered protein portion and a centrate. A portion of the centrate may be used as a protein counter current wash when the protein portion is being separated from the stillage portion. The protein counter current wash reduces the amount of unfermentable solids in the protein portion and the centrate.

The invention relates to processes for enhancing yeast growth and/or productivity using peroxidase or a composition comprising peroxidase.

The invention relates to processes for enhancing yeast growth and/or productivity using peroxidase or a composition comprising peroxidase.