The present disclosure provides a system for continuously detecting the temperature and composition of molten steel during converter steelmaking, and relates to the technical field of steelmaking detection devices. A seating brick (3) and a probe conveying pipe (5) are provided on a side wall of a converter (1), and multiple probes are provided in different detection through holes (4) within the probe conveying pipe (5) respectively. The temperature of molten steel, the oxygen activity of the molten steel and the low carbon and phosphorus content in the molten steel within the converter can be detected in real time. This facilitates an operator adopting corresponding operational means to reach the smelting end point in an optimized manner so as to improve various economic and technical indexes in steelmaking.

A method to control slag foaming in a smelting process in a vessel for smelting an iron-containing feed material including the steps of: measuring vibration of the metallurgical vessel with an accelerometer at one or more positions on the vessel, comparing values derived from accelerometer data with a threshold value which indicates the onset of a slag foaming incident, and adjusting the smelting process if the value derived from the accelerometer data passes a predefined alarm value, wherein the smelting process is adjusted by adjusting the amounts of the gaseous and/or the solid components injected in the smelting process.

Provided are a method and to an arrangement for monitoring characteristics of a furnace process in a furnace space limited by a furnace shell of a metallurgical furnace. The arrangement comprises a process monitoring unit having a frame mounted by means of a mounting means on the metallurgical furnace outside the furnace space of the furnace shell. Also provided is a process monitoring unit for use in the method and/or in the arrangement.

A molten metal component estimation device including: an input device configured to receive measurement information about a refining facility including measurement results regarding an optical characteristic; a model database that stores model expressions and model parameters, regarding a blowing process reaction, including a model expression and model parameters representing a relation between the oxygen efficiency in decarburization and a carbon concentration in a molten metal in the refining facility; and a processor configured to: estimate component concentrations of the molten metal including the carbon concentration in the molten metal by using the measurement information, the model expressions and the model parameters; estimate the carbon concentration in the molten metal based on the measurement results; and determine the model expression and the model parameters to be used when estimating the component concentrations of the molten metal, based on the estimation result of the carbon concentration in the molten metal.

A tuyere comprising an inner tube including a lower section having a first diameter, an upper section having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and a converging transition section having a converging angle from 15 to 35 connecting the lower section to the upper section, the inner tube terminating in an inner nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section; and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube so as to create an annulus there between, the outer tube including a lower section having a third diameter larger than the first diameter, an upper section having a fourth diameter smaller than the third diameter but larger than the second diameter, and a converging transition section having connecting the lower section to the upper section, the outer tube terminating in an outer nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section.

The invention relates to the subject area of metallurgical systems, in particular a metallurgical vessel which is fixed on a support ring. The object of the invention is to provide a metallurgical vessel having a support ring and a method for fixing and releasing, which prevents constraint forces. The tiltable metallurgical vessel having a round cross-section is at least partially surrounded by a support ring. The support ring is at a distance from the metallurgical vessel in the radial direction. The metallurgical vessel has at least three brackets, each having a respective pin. The support ring has at least three receiving openings which receive the pins. These receiving openings permit a shifting of the pin in the radial direction. The pins are secured against falling out of the receiving opening and the bracket by at least three locking devices floatingly mounted and arranged inside the support ring.

A slag volume evaluation method for a molten metal surface includes calculating an approximation curve indicating a correspondence between a thickness of slag and a density parameter in advance by measuring thicknesses of a plurality of pieces of the slag which float on a surface of a molten metal in a container and differ from each other in thickness, and calculating a value of the density parameter which is correlated to a density in a pixel region corresponding to the plurality of pieces of the slag in a captured image of a molten metal surface in the container; and calculating a volume of the slag by calculating and integrating the thickness of the slag for each of pixels constituting the captured image obtained by capturing an image of the molten metal surface which is an evaluation target, according to a value of the density parameter of each of the pixels and the approximation curve.

The present invention preferably comprises a system and method for operating and/or positioning a lance and nozzle assembly relative to a molten metal bath in a vessel. Specifically, at least one temperature sensor is provided proximate a tip of the lance and nozzle assembly and at least one temperature sensor is provided on or in the vessel. A processing unit is configured to receive at least one signal from each of the temperature sensors, process the signals to determine the active position of the lance and nozzle assembly relative to the metal bath, and move the lance and nozzle assembly to a preferred position the corresponds to a stage of operation in the vessel.

Provided are a method and an arrangement for operating a metallurgical furnace. The method comprises a feeding step, and a temperature controlling step for controlling the temperature of a molten metal layer and a slag layer in a furnace space of the metallurgical furnace. The temperature controlling step comprises a first measuring step for measuring the slag temperature (T.sub.slag), a second measuring step for measuring the slag liquidus temperature (T.sub.slag, liquidus), and a calculating step for calculating a superheat temperature (T.sub.superheat) by calculating the temperature difference between the slag temperature (T.sub.slag) and the slag liquidus temperature (T.sub.slag, liquidus). In case the calculated superheat temperature (T.sub.superheat) is outside a predefined superheat temperature range (T.sub.superheat set), the method comprises an adjusting step for adjusting to adjust the actual superheat temperature. Also provided are computer program products.

The invention relates to a method for controlling a combustion in a furnace (100) which is heated by a burner (160) with at least one oxygen lance (120), wherein a fuel is supplied via a fuel supply (110) of the burner (110) and oxygen is supplied at least in part with a high speed of 100 m/s or more by the at least one oxygen lance (120), and wherein oxygen in an overstoichiometric range is supplied. The invention further relates to a furnace (100) for carrying out said method.