Binder compositions for agglomerating iron ore fines are provided, the compositions comprising: one or more types of modified starch and one or more types of synthetic dry polymers. A process for preparing iron ore pellets with the binder compositions is also provided, the process comprising: (i) adding a binder composition to particulate iron ore to form a mixture; and (ii) forming the mixture into pellets.

Some variations provide a carbon-negative carbon product that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO.sub.2e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product, wherein the carbon-negative carbon product contains at least about 50 wt % carbon. In some embodiments, the carbon intensity is less than 500 kg CO.sub.2e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product. Other variations provide a carbon-negative metal product (e.g., a steel product) that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO.sub.2e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product, wherein the metal product contains from 50 wt % to 100 wt % of one or more metals and optionally one or more alloying elements. In some embodiments, the carbon-negative metal product is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 200 kg CO.sub.2e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product. The carbon-negative metal product can contain a wide variety of metals.

A method and an apparatus for recycling a significant amount of heat within a linear hearth furnace by means of an endless conveyor that transports briquettes through the furnace from an inlet (briquette feed) end to an outlet (DRI discharge) end and then returns to the inlet end and transfers a significant amount of heat from the outlet end to the inlet end of the furnace.

A method for manufacturing green or thermally treated briquettes which are made up of at least one quick calcium-magnesium compound that is an iron-based compound. The method includes the steps of supplying a homogeneous pulverulent mixture to a roller press, the press having pockets where the pulverulent mixture is compressed to form the green briquettes. The rollers of the roller press develop linear speeds at the periphery of the rollers between 10 and 100 cm/s and linear pressures between 60 and 160 kN/cm. The method can also include a thermal treatment of the green briquettes to produce fired briquettes containing calcium ferrite, the briquettes having a Shatter Test Index less than 8%, and a porosity value greater than or equal to 30%.

Stabilized volatile briquettes and processes and apparatuses for making and using the same are provided. The stabilized volatile briquette includes a volatile material and a thermoplastic binder material such that the thermoplastic binder material binds the volatile material together to define a briquette that is stable. The process includes mixing a volatile waste material and a thermoplastic binder material to form a briquette mixture, shearing the briquette mixture, extruding the briquette mixture to form a thermoplastic briquette extrusion, and hardening the thermoplastic briquette extrusion to form a stabilized volatile briquette. The apparatus includes an extruder, a heating portion operably connected to the extruder, and a heated die operably connected to the heating portion such that the extruder, the heating portion, and the heated die are configured to gradually heat a thermoplastic binder material such that the thermoplastic binder material binds a provided volatile material together.

Stabilized volatile briquettes and processes and apparatuses for making and using the same are provided. The stabilized volatile briquette includes a volatile material and a thermoplastic binder material such that the thermoplastic binder material binds the volatile material together to define a briquette that is stable. The process includes mixing a volatile waste material and a thermoplastic binder material to form a briquette mixture, shearing the briquette mixture, extruding the briquette mixture to form a thermoplastic briquette extrusion, and hardening the thermoplastic briquette extrusion to form a stabilized volatile briquette. The apparatus includes an extruder, a heating portion operably connected to the extruder, and a heated die operably connected to the heating portion such that the extruder, the heating portion, and the heated die are configured to gradually heat a thermoplastic binder material such that the thermoplastic binder material binds a provided volatile material together.

The present invention relates to the use of copolymers as binders for pelletizing metal containing ores such as iron containing ores. The copolymers comprise monomer units derived from at least one monomer C of formula (I).

The present invention relates to the use of copolymers as binders for pelletizing metal containing ores such as iron containing ores. The copolymers comprise monomer units derived from at least one monomer C of formula (I).

Composition in the form of green or thermally treated briquettes comprising at least one quick calcium-magnesium compound and an iron-based compound, the method of production thereof and uses thereof.

Methods for the treatment of metallic particles such as heavy metal particles and objects contaminated with the metallic particles. For the treatment of objects contaminated with the metallic particles, a stabilizing composition may be applied to the object with or without a fixation agent. For the treatment of free-flowing metallic particles, an agglomeration agent may be used with or without a stabilizing agent.