A catalyst laminate includes a plurality of catalyst layers containing at least one of a noble metal and an oxide of the noble metal and at least one of a non-noble metal and an oxide of the non-noble metal, including: two or more first catalyst layers and two or more second catalyst layers. In an atomic percent of the noble metal obtained by using a line analysis by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in a thickness direction of the catalyst laminate. The first catalyst layer is less than an average of a highest value and a lowest value of the atomic percent of the noble metal. The second catalyst layer has an atomic percent of the noble metal equal to or greater than the average of the highest value and the lowest value thereof. The second catalyst layer is present between the first catalyst layers.

Provided is a Low-E glass plate protection method capable of preventing or inhibiting Low-E layer alteration. In the protection method, a protective sheet having a substrate and a PSA layer provided to at least one face of the substrate is applied for protection via the PSA layer to a Low-E glass plate having a Low-E layer that comprises a zinc component. The method is characterized by using the protective sheet wherein the PSA layer is formed from a water-dispersed PSA composition and includes less than 850 μg ammonia per gram of PSA layer weight.

Provided is a Low-E glass plate protection method capable of preventing or inhibiting Low-E layer alteration. The protection method includes a step of applying a protective sheet to a surface of a Low-E glass plate having a Low-E layer comprising a zinc component. Here, the protective sheet has a PSA layer. The Low-E layer comprises a zinc component. The PSA layer includes ammonia and an acid or acid salt capable of forming a counterion to an ammonium ion.

An Fe—Co—Al alloy magnetic thin film contains, in terms of atomic ratio, 20% to 30% Co and 1.5% to 2.5% Al. The Fe—Co—Al alloy magnetic thin film has a crystallographic orientation such that the (100) plane is parallel to a substrate surface and the <100> direction is perpendicular to the substrate surface. The Fe—Co—Al alloy magnetic thin film has good magnetic properties, that is, a magnetization of 1440 emu/cc or more, a coercive force of less than 100 Oe, a damping factor of less than 0.01, and an FMR linewidth ΔH at 30 GHz of less than 70 Oe.

A multilayer mirror for reflecting Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and a method for producing the same are disclosed. In an embodiment a multilayer mirror includes a layer sequence having a plurality of alternating first layers and second layers, the first layers including lanthanum or a lanthanum compound and the second layers including boron, wherein the second layers are doped with carbon, and wherein a molar fraction of carbon in the second layers is 10% or less.

An inorganic solid-state electrochromic module containing an inorganic transparent conductive film, including a transparent substrate and a first transparent conductive layer, a first transparent metal layer, a first transparent protective layer, an inorganic electrochromic layer, an inorganic ion conductive layer, an inorganic ion storage layer, a second transparent metal layer, a second transparent protective layer, a second transparent conductive layer, a encapsulating film and a transparent front plate successively formed on the transparent substrate.

Prior electrochromic devices frequently suffer from high levels of defectivity. The defects may be manifest as pin holes or spots where the electrochromic transition is impaired. This is unacceptable for many applications such as electrochromic architectural glass. Improved electrochromic devices with low defectivity can be fabricated by depositing certain layered components of the electrochromic device in a single integrated deposition system. While these layers are being deposited and/or treated on a substrate, for example a glass window, the substrate never leaves a controlled ambient environment, for example a low pressure controlled atmosphere having very low levels of particles. These layers may be deposited using physical vapor deposition.

The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for ion milling, and more particularly relates to methods and apparatus for smoothing a surface using ion milling.

An object is to provide a coloring technique that makes it possible to impart luster while providing a vivid color, and further to provide a coloring technique that makes it possible to retain more unevenness when a substrate has unevenness. This object is achieved by a laminated sheet comprising a fiber substrate and a metalloid element-containing layer disposed on or above the surface of the fiber substrate.

A method for preparing bismuth oxide nanowire films by heating in an upside down position includes: washing a substrate, and fixing the substrate to a substrate support in a magnetron sputtering system in a position where an electrically conductive surface of the substrate faces downwards; placing a bismuth target, which is adhered to a copper backing plate, on a sputtering head in the magnetron sputtering system; performing direct current magnetron sputtering to form a bismuth film on the electrically conductive surface of the substrate; and regulating a heating temperature to maintain the bismuth film in a semi-molten state, and providing a predetermined oxygen gas concentration to form the bismuth oxide nanowire film.