A ceramic electronic component including a ceramic element assembly, an external electrode, and an underlying layer. In this ceramic electronic component, the underlying layer is formed on the ceramic element assembly, the external electrode is formed on the underlying layer, the underlying layer is formed of a metal material and a glass material containing a silicon atom, and the metal material exists in a highly dispersed state in the glass material.

A heat shielding material and method for manufacturing thereof is provided. The method for manufacturing the heat shielding material, includes: providing a tungsten oxide precursor solution containing a group VIIIB metal element; drying the tungsten oxide precursor solution to form a dried tungsten oxide precursor; and subjecting the dried tungsten oxide precursor to a reducing gas at a temperature of 100 C. to 500 C. to form a composite tungsten oxide. The heat shielding material includes composite tungsten oxide doped with a group I A or II A metal and halogen, represented by M.sub.xWO.sub.y or M.sub.xWO.sub.yA.sub.z, wherein M refers to at least one of a group I A or II A metal, W refers to tungsten, O refers to oxygen, and A refers to a halogen element. The heat shielding material also includes a group VIIIB metal element.

A method of making an ultraviolet sensor includes applying a metal-containing solution to a substrate using a spin coating technique to form a metal-containing coat. The metal-containing coat is baked and pyrolyzed to form a metal-containing oxide film on the substrate. The metal-containing oxide film has a cubic crystalline structure suitable for ultraviolet photodetectors in flame detection applications.

By using a coating method, which is a simple method of manufacturing a transparent conductive film at low cost, a transparent conductive film formed with heating at a low temperature, in particular, lower than 300 C. with both of excellent transparency and conductivity and also with excellent film strength and a method of manufacturing this transparent conductive film are provided.

This invention relates to a method for producing a photodetector based on the deposition of precursor system having a liquid phase. The photodetectors are characterized by a certain group of semiconductor materials which can be used as the absorber in solar-blind UV detectors. A facile route for the formation of thin layers of such absorber materials is disclosed.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a nanoporous ultra-low dielectric thin film including a high-temperature ozone treatment and nanoporous ultra-low dielectric thin film prepared by the same method. The method includes preparing a mixture of an organic silicate matrix-containing solution and a reactive porogen-containing solution; coating the mixture on a substrate to form a thin film; and heating the thin film with an ozone treatment. The prepared nanoporous ultra-low dielectric thin film could have a dielectric constant of about 2.3 or less and a mechanical strength of about 10 GPa or more by improving a pore size and a distribution of pores in the thin film by performing an ozone treatment with high temperature and optimization of the ozone treatment temperature.

Molecular precursor compounds, processes and compositions for making Zn-Group 13 mixed oxide materials including IZO, GZO, AZO and BZO, by providing inks comprising a molecular precursor compound having the formula M.sup.A.sub.aZn(OROR).sub.3a+2, and printing or depositing the inks on a substrate. The printed or deposited ink films can be treated to convert the molecular precursor compounds to a material.

A method of forming a zinc oxide film or a magnesium zinc oxide film which has a high transmittance. The method of forming a zinc oxide film or a magnesium zinc oxide film includes (A) converting a solution containing zinc, or zinc and magnesium into mist, (B) heating a substrate, and (C) supplying the solution converted into mist, and ozone to a first main surface of the substrate under heating.

A method of making an ultraviolet sensor includes applying a metal-containing solution to a substrate using a spin coating technique to form a metal-containing coat. The metal-containing coat is baked and pyrolyzed to form a metal-containing oxide film on the substrate. The metal-containing oxide film has a cubic crystalline structure suitable for ultraviolet photodetectors in flame detection applications.

Components and methods for forming a layer of chromia on a substrate thereof are provided. The methods include forming a mixture that includes at least one chromia promoter, applying the mixture to a surface of a substrate formed of a nickel-based alloy having between 1 wt. % and 30 wt. % chromium, and forming a layer of chromia (Cr.sub.2O.sub.3) on the surface of the substrate by performing a heat treatment on the surface with the mixture thereon, wherein during the heat treatment oxygen diffuses from the at least one chromia promotor and reacts with the chromium in the substrate to form the layer of chromia on the surface.