Provided is a culinary item, one surface of which is provided with a coating including at least one rare-earth oxide layer. Such a coating has the specific feature of not only having mechanical hardness and abrasion resistance comparable to those of enamels and ceramics, but also excellent intrinsic hydrophobic properties that enable the coating obtained to have a non-stick property that is comparable to that of fluorocarbon coatings and suitable for culinary applications.

A process for depositing a coating on short fibres of carbon or silicon carbide from a coating precursor, the short fibres having a length of between 50 m and 5 mm, the process including at least heating the short fibres by placing a mixture including the fibres and a liquid phase of the coating precursor in a microwave field so as to bring the surface of the fibres to a temperature allowing the coating on the fibres from the coating precursor to be formed by calefaction.

A method of manufacturing a ferroelectric element includes forming an insulating film on one side of a metal substrate by an electron beam (EB) vapor deposition method or a sputtering method; forming a metal film on the insulating film by the sputtering method; and forming a ferroelectric film on the metal film by a sol-gel method. The metal substrate includes iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni), and a content of the nickel (Ni) is greater than or equal to 30% and less than or equal to 40%.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to methods of manufacturing textured surfaces nanoimprint lithography with nanoparticulate inks. The present invention provides methods that allow flexible patterning of substrates with features having complex geometries.

Solid or liquid NH free, C-free, and Si-rich perhydropolysilazane compositions comprising units having the following formula [N(SiH.sub.3).sub.x(SiH.sub.2).sub.y], wherein x=0, 1, or 2 and y=0, 1, or 2 when x+y=2; and x=0, 1 or 2 and y=1, 2, or 3 when x+y=3 are disclosed. Also disclosed are synthesis methods and applications for the same.

A method is provided of forming a coating within an internal pathway. The method comprises: providing a body having an inlet and an outlet and an internal surface which defines an internal pathway extending within the body between the inlet and the outlet; streaming a mixture of a gas and a fluid along at least a part of a length of the internal pathway, the fluid comprising one or more substances for forming a solid coating on the internal surface, the fluid being a liquid solution of said one or more substances in a solvent or being a dispersion with at least one of said one or more substances being solid particles dispersed in a liquid continuous phase; during said streaming of the mixture, applying localised heat progressively along said at least a part of the length of the internal pathway. The progressive application of localised heat causes, within said at least a part of the length of the internal pathway, formation from the one or more substances of a solid coating on the internal surface.

The present disclosure discloses a method of preparing a carbon-coated ceria hollow sphere, which includes the following steps of: S110, dispersing silica in a solvent to obtain a silica dispersion; S120, performing a hydrothermal reaction between the silica dispersion and a cerium salt to obtain a ceria-coated silica microsphere; S140, coating the ceria-coated silica microsphere with a carbon source to obtain a primary product, wherein the carbon source is dopamine; S160, sintering the primary product under a protective gas atmosphere to obtain a carbon-coated ceria microsphere; and S170, etching the carbon-coated ceria microsphere by using an etchant to obtain a carbon-coated ceria hollow sphere.

In some embodiments, a semiconductor fabrication tool is provided. The semiconductor fabrication tool includes a first heating plate arranged within a processing chamber and a second heating plate arranged within the processing chamber vertically over the first heating plate. A first exhaust port is arranged within the processing chamber and a second exhaust port arranged within the processing chamber vertically over the first exhaust port. The first exhaust port is in communication with the first heating plate and is coupled to a first exhaust output. The second exhaust port is in communication with the second heating plate and is coupled to a second exhaust output. A first control element is configured to control a first exhaust pressure at the first exhaust port and a second control element is configured to control a second exhaust pressure at the second exhaust port.

Solid or liquid NH free, C-free, and Si-rich perhydropolysilazane compositions comprising units having the following formula [N(SiH.sub.3).sub.x(SiH.sub.2).sub.y], wherein x=0, 1, or 2 and y=0, 1, or 2 when x+y=2; and x=0, 1 or 2 and y=1, 2, or 3 when x+y=3 are disclosed. Also disclosed are synthesis methods and applications for the same.

The disclosure relates to a method for forming a conformal coating on a substrate having a topography presenting a relief. One method of the disclosure includes setting the temperature of the substrate within the range 140-275 C., and coating an aqueous solution including a sol-gel precursor on said substrate. The disclosure also relates to a method for fabricating a battery, a capacitor, a catalyst, a photovoltaic cell or a sensor using such a method, and to an aqueous solution for use in such a method.