A phosphate solution for a zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet, and a zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet using the same are provided. The phosphate solution for a zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet contains a molybdenum (Mo) ion, a calcium (Ca) ion and a phosphate ion. A zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet includes a base steel sheet, a zinc-based or zinc alloy-based plating layer formed on the base steel sheet, and a phosphate film formed on the zinc-based or zinc alloy-based plating layer. The phosphate film contains a molybdenum compound, Ca and a phosphate. A pitting phenomenon occurring at the time of treating a steel sheet with a phosphate is prevented, and excellent corrosion resistance is exhibited on a phosphate film.

A phosphate solution for a zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet, and a zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet using the same are provided. The phosphate solution for a zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet contains a molybdenum (Mo) ion, a calcium (Ca) ion and a phosphate ion. A zinc or zinc-based alloy plated steel sheet includes a base steel sheet, a zinc-based or zinc alloy-based plating layer formed on the base steel sheet, and a phosphate film formed on the zinc-based or zinc alloy-based plating layer. The phosphate film contains a molybdenum compound, Ca and a phosphate. A pitting phenomenon occurring at the time of treating a steel sheet with a phosphate is prevented, and excellent corrosion resistance is exhibited on a phosphate film.

Provided are an insulating-coated oriented magnetic steel sheet having an insulating coating of excellent heat resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same. This insulating-coated oriented magnetic steel sheet has an oriented magnetic steel sheet, and an insulating coating arranged on the surface of the oriented magnetic steel sheet. The insulating coating contains Si, P, and O, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Al, and Mn, the K-absorption edge of the P in the insulating coating having an XAFS spectrum that exhibits three absorption peaks from 2156 eV to 2180 eV.

A rare-earth element including a magnet body containing a rare-earth element, and a protective layer formed on a surface of the magnet body. The protective layer may include a first layer covering the magnet body and containing a rare-earth element, and a second layer covering the first layer and containing substantially no rare-earth element. Another protective layer in accordance may include an inner protective layer and an outer protective layer successively from the magnet body side. The outer protective layer is any of an oxide layer, a resin layer, a metal salt layer, and a layer containing an organic-inorganic hybrid compound.

A rare-earth element including a magnet body containing a rare-earth element, and a protective layer formed on a surface of the magnet body. The protective layer may include a first layer covering the magnet body and containing a rare-earth element, and a second layer covering the first layer and containing substantially no rare-earth element. Another protective layer in accordance may include an inner protective layer and an outer protective layer successively from the magnet body side. The outer protective layer is any of an oxide layer, a resin layer, a metal salt layer, and a layer containing an organic-inorganic hybrid compound.

A surface treatment composition for a galvanized steel sheet containing, based on 100 parts by weight of the total solution, 3.0 to 25.0 parts by weight of a silane compound, 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of a molybdenum compound, 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of a vanadium compound, 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of a nickel compound, 0.05 to 1.0 parts by weight of a copper compound, and a remainder of solvent, a surface treatment method for a galvanized steel sheet using the surface treatment composition, and a surface-treated galvanized steel sheet, are provided. Corrosion resistance, blackening resistance, warm water resistance, and conductivity are secured free from concerns regarding the installation of additional equipment for treating chromium, increased manufacturing costs, and environmental pollution.

A surface treatment composition for a galvanized steel sheet containing, based on 100 parts by weight of the total solution, 3.0 to 25.0 parts by weight of a silane compound, 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of a molybdenum compound, 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of a vanadium compound, 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of a nickel compound, 0.05 to 1.0 parts by weight of a copper compound, and a remainder of solvent, a surface treatment method for a galvanized steel sheet using the surface treatment composition, and a surface-treated galvanized steel sheet, are provided. Corrosion resistance, blackening resistance, warm water resistance, and conductivity are secured free from concerns regarding the installation of additional equipment for treating chromium, increased manufacturing costs, and environmental pollution.

The invention relates to a method for producing a sandwich structure on the basis of at least one layer on the basis of metallic material and on the basis of at least one layer of organic polymer, wherein for coating of at least one metallic surface with at least one metallic layer to be combined with the layer on the basis of organic polymer, an aqueous conversion composition on the basis of zinc, additional cations, poly(acrylic acid), and optionally silane, is brought into contact, wherein the liquid film thereby produced is dried on and wherein the metallic layer coated in such manner is brought into contact with at least one layer on the basis of organic polymer and is combined into a sandwich structure by means of compaction under pressure and/or temperature. The invention also relates to such sandwich structures.

The invention relates to a method for producing a sandwich structure on the basis of at least one layer on the basis of metallic material and on the basis of at least one layer of organic polymer, wherein for coating of at least one metallic surface with at least one metallic layer to be combined with the layer on the basis of organic polymer, an aqueous conversion composition on the basis of zinc, additional cations, poly(acrylic acid), and optionally silane, is brought into contact, wherein the liquid film thereby produced is dried on and wherein the metallic layer coated in such manner is brought into contact with at least one layer on the basis of organic polymer and is combined into a sandwich structure by means of compaction under pressure and/or temperature. The invention also relates to such sandwich structures.

Provided is a surface treatment solution composition comprising: 30 to 51 wt % of a trivalent chromium compound comprising chromium phosphate (A) and chromium nitrate (B) and having a content ratio of A/(A+B) that satisfies 0.3 to 0.6; 5 to 15 wt % of silane coupling agent; 0.2 to 3 wt % of vanadium-based anti-corrosive rust inhibitor; 3 to 12 wt % of colloidal silica; 0.5 to 5 wt % of polysiloxane copolymer; and 14 to 61.3 wt % of water, a hot dip galvanized steel sheet surface-treated using same, and a manufacturing method thereof. The hot dip galvanized steel sheet treated with the surface treatment solution composition containing trivalent chromium has an excellent corrosion resistance, blackening resistance, pipe-forming oil reactivity, and alkali resistance.