A component (1) is disclosed which has a black oxide layer (10), wherein metallic additive elements (4) are incorporated in the structure of the black oxide layer (10). Furthermore, a method for manufacturing such a component (1) is disclosed, said method comprising the steps of: depositing metallic additive elements (4) on the component (1) and immersing the component (1) with the deposited metallic additive elements (4) in a black oxide solution (6), wherein the metallic additive elements (4) are incorporated into the structure of the black oxide layer (10).

A bearing component includes a black-oxide layer having metallic additional elements integrated in the structure of the black-oxide layer. Also a method of forming such a black-oxide layer that includes immersing the bearing component in a bath having the metallic additional element prior to immersing the bearing component in a black oxidation solution.

A bearing component includes a black-oxide layer having metallic additional elements integrated in the structure of the black-oxide layer. Also a method of forming such a black-oxide layer that includes immersing the bearing component in a bath having the metallic additional element prior to immersing the bearing component in a black oxidation solution.

Provided are bismuth conversion coating compositions that deposit bismuth conversion coatings on a variety of metal substrates, methods of making bismuth conversion coating compositions, methods of depositing bismuth conversion coatings on metal substrates and articles of manufacture having metal surfaces comprising a bismuth conversion coating.

Provided is a technique that can produce a hot dip Zn—Al—Mg-based alloy coated steel product with a good plating appearance, without the need for heating of a steel product prior to immersion in a hot dip plating bath. Flux (11) for hot dip Zn—Al—Mg-based alloy plating contains: ZnCl.sub.2; and a low-reactive chloride which has low reactivity with respect to Mg in a plating bath and contains at least two chlorides selected from the compound group consisting of alkali metal chlorides and alkaline-earth metal chlorides, and a composition of the ZnCl.sub.2 and the low-reactive chloride is adjusted so that a liquidus temperature of the flux is 450° C. or lower.

A method of manufacturing hydrophilic stainless steel includes polishing the surface of the stainless steel in one direction; and immersing the polished stainless steel in an acidic solution to form an oxide film.

Disclosed is a stainless steel having excellent surface electrical conductivity for a fuel cell separator. According to an embodiment of the disclosed stainless steel having excellent surface electrical conductivity for a fuel cell separator, a value of the following surface oxide atomic ratio (1) may be 0.08 or more, as measured on the surface of a stainless steel containing 15 wt % or more of Cr by X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using an Al-Kα X-ray source under the condition where a take-off angle of photoelectrons is from 12° to 85°.

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}\frac{\mathrm{sum}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{atomic}\mathrm{concentrations}\left(\mathrm{at}\%\right)\mathrm{of}\mathrm{Cr}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{Cr}\mathrm{hydroxide}}{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{sum}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{atomic}\mathrm{concentrations}\left(\mathrm{at}\%\right)\mathrm{of}\mathrm{metal}\mathrm{elements}\\ \mathrm{in}\mathrm{total}\mathrm{oxides}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{hydroxides}\end{array}}& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

The Cr hydroxide represents CrOOH, Cr(OH).sub.2, or Cr(OH).sub.3. The total oxides and hydroxides include a Cr oxide, the Cr hydroxide, an Fe oxide, an Fe hydroxide, and a metal oxide (MO), and the metal oxide (MO) includes a mixed oxide, wherein M represents an alloying element other than Cr and Fe or a combination thereof in a matrix, and O represents oxygen.

A medical product and a method of surface treatment and/or manufacture of the medical product. The method includes the step of electrochemically etching the medical product. The medical product can include a metal or alloy and have one or more of the following features: a pitting corrosion potential of 100 mV to 1200 mV, a contact angle of 90° to 140°, and a passive layer having a thickness of 1 nm to 10 nm that coats at least sections of the surface of the medical product.

A production method for a stainless steel sheet for fuel cell separators comprises: preparing a stainless steel sheet as a material; thereafter removing an oxide layer at a surface of the stainless steel sheet; and thereafter subjecting the stainless steel sheet to electrolytic etching treatment in an active region of the stainless steel sheet.

A production method for a stainless steel sheet for fuel cell separators comprises: preparing a stainless steel sheet as a material; thereafter removing an oxide layer at a surface of the stainless steel sheet; and thereafter subjecting the stainless steel sheet to electrolytic etching treatment in an active region of the stainless steel sheet.