A home appliance chemically resistant to peroxide degradation. The home appliance includes a metal substrate disposed therein that includes a metal substrate having a bulk portion and a coating layer contacting a surface of the bulk portion. The coating layer includes a ternary metal oxide compound, a metal alloy, an intermetallic compound, or a combination thereof. The ternary metal oxide compound, the metal alloy or the intermetallic compound is (a) unreactive with hydrogen peroxide or (b)(1) reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more metal oxides unreactive with hydrogen peroxide or reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more metal oxides unreactive with hydrogen peroxide and/or (b)(2) reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more elemental metals reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more metal oxides unreactive with hydrogen peroxide.

A home appliance chemically resistant to peroxide degradation. The home appliance includes a metal substrate disposed therein that includes a metal substrate having a bulk portion and a coating layer contacting a surface of the bulk portion. The coating layer includes a ternary metal oxide compound, a metal alloy, an intermetallic compound, or a combination thereof. The ternary metal oxide compound, the metal alloy or the intermetallic compound is (a) unreactive with hydrogen peroxide or (b)(1) reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more metal oxides unreactive with hydrogen peroxide or reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more metal oxides unreactive with hydrogen peroxide and/or (b)(2) reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more elemental metals reactive with hydrogen peroxide to form one or more metal oxides unreactive with hydrogen peroxide.

A method for anti-corrosion pre-treatment of metal substrates using zirconium-based aqueous anti-corrosion agents comprising polycyclic hydrocarbons that have at least one anellated benzene ring, each having at least two ring-substituted hydroxyl groups in ortho position to each other. The aqueous anti-corrosion agent can be substantially free both of passivating chromium-containing compounds and of fluoride-containing compounds that pickle the metal substrate. Pre-treatment by drying (dry-in-place method) is especially advantageous. Accordingly, the method according to the invention is suitable in particular for the pre-treatment of metal strip, wherein excellent anti-corrosion results are achieved on surfaces of aluminum or steel. The invention further relates to a method for producing coated can lids from aluminum strip by using the previously mentioned zirconium-based anti-corrosion agent. A further aspect comprises an aqueous concentrate for providing the ready-to-use anti-corrosion agents.

A method for anti-corrosion pre-treatment of metal substrates using zirconium-based aqueous anti-corrosion agents comprising polycyclic hydrocarbons that have at least one anellated benzene ring, each having at least two ring-substituted hydroxyl groups in ortho position to each other. The aqueous anti-corrosion agent can be substantially free both of passivating chromium-containing compounds and of fluoride-containing compounds that pickle the metal substrate. Pre-treatment by drying (dry-in-place method) is especially advantageous. Accordingly, the method according to the invention is suitable in particular for the pre-treatment of metal strip, wherein excellent anti-corrosion results are achieved on surfaces of aluminum or steel. The invention further relates to a method for producing coated can lids from aluminum strip by using the previously mentioned zirconium-based anti-corrosion agent. A further aspect comprises an aqueous concentrate for providing the ready-to-use anti-corrosion agents.

A process for producing a steel product having a protective coating based on zinc and a tribologically active layer applied to the protective coating where the process includes providing a flat steel product provided with the protective coating, and applying an aqueous solution comprising ammonium sulfate and demineralized water to the protective coating of the steel product. The concentration of the ammonium sulfate based on the SO.sub.4.sup.2− ions is 0.01-5.7 mol/L, the pH of the aqueous solution is 4-6, and the near-surface reaction time between the aqueous solution and the protective coating is more than 0 seconds and not more than 5 seconds. After a drying operation conducted without preceding rinsing, a tribologically active layer consisting of ammonium zinc sulfate is formed atop the protective zinc coating. Also, a steel product having a protective coating based on zinc and a tribologically active layer of ammonium zinc sulfate.

A process for producing a steel product having a protective coating based on zinc and a tribologically active layer applied to the protective coating where the process includes providing a flat steel product provided with the protective coating, and applying an aqueous solution comprising ammonium sulfate and demineralized water to the protective coating of the steel product. The concentration of the ammonium sulfate based on the SO.sub.4.sup.2− ions is 0.01-5.7 mol/L, the pH of the aqueous solution is 4-6, and the near-surface reaction time between the aqueous solution and the protective coating is more than 0 seconds and not more than 5 seconds. After a drying operation conducted without preceding rinsing, a tribologically active layer consisting of ammonium zinc sulfate is formed atop the protective zinc coating. Also, a steel product having a protective coating based on zinc and a tribologically active layer of ammonium zinc sulfate.

A conversion coating applicator includes a first liner, a hydrogel attached to the first liner, and a second liner removably attached to the hydrogel. The hydrogel includes a trivalent chromium conversion coating solution including a trivalent chromium compound, a zirconate compound, and a dye compound. The conversion coating solution is an aqueous solution.

A conversion coating applicator includes a first liner, a hydrogel attached to the first liner, and a second liner removably attached to the hydrogel. The hydrogel includes a trivalent chromium conversion coating solution including a trivalent chromium compound, a zirconate compound, and a dye compound. The conversion coating solution is an aqueous solution.

A method for preparing a metal sheet (1) is provided including at least the steps for: providing a steel substrate (3) having two faces (5), at least one of which is coated with a metal coating (7) comprising at least 40% by weight of zinc, applying on the outer surface (15) of the metal coating (7) an aqueous solution comprising an amino acid,
and the metal sheet which may be obtained.

A method for preparing a metal sheet (1) is provided including at least the steps for: providing a steel substrate (3) having two faces (5), at least one of which is coated with a metal coating (7) comprising at least 40% by weight of zinc, applying on the outer surface (15) of the metal coating (7) an aqueous solution comprising an amino acid,
and the metal sheet which may be obtained.