The present invention relates generally to methods for forming peroxyformic acid, comprising contacting formic acid with hydrogen peroxide. The methods for forming peroxyformic acid can include adding formic acid with a relatively lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide, or adding formic acid to a peroxycarboxylic acid composition or forming composition to react with hydrogen peroxide in the compositions. The present invention also relates to peroxyformic acid formed by the above methods. The present invention further relates to the uses of peroxyformic acid for treating a variety of targets, e.g., target water, including target water used in connection with oil- and gas-field operations. The present invention further relates to methods for reducing or removing H.sub.2S or iron sulfide in the treated water source, improving clarity of the treated water source, or reducing the total dissolved oxygen or corrosion in the treated water source, using peroxyformic acid, including peroxyformic acid generated in situ.

The present invention relates to the use of phospho-tartaric acid and/or the salts thereof for the treatment of water in water-conducting systems.

Disclosed herein are phosphoester anticorrosion compositions comprising an adduct of an alkylphenol ethoxylate phosphate ester with 1,3,5,7-tetraazaadamantane. The adducts are storage stable neat or in a solvent. The adducts are suitably added at about 0.5 ppm to 500 ppm by weight or by volume to a water source comprising one or more corrodents to inhibit corrosion of metal surfaces contacting the water source. The phosphoester anticorrosion compositions are as effective or more effective at inhibiting corrosion than conventional sulfur-based corrosion inhibitors when compared on a weight or volume basis.

The present invention relates generally to methods for forming peroxyformic acid, comprising contacting formic acid with hydrogen peroxide. The methods for forming peroxyformic acid can include adding formic acid with a relatively lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide, or adding formic acid to a peroxycarboxylic acid composition or forming composition to react with hydrogen peroxide in the compositions. The present invention also relates to peroxyformic acid formed by the above methods. The present invention further relates to the uses of peroxyformic acid for treating a variety of targets, e.g., target water, including target water used in connection with oil- and gas-field operations. The present invention further relates to methods for reducing or removing H.sub.2S or iron sulfide in the treated water source, improving clarity of the treated water source, or reducing the total dissolved oxygen or corrosion in the treated water source, using peroxyformic acid, including peroxyformic acid generated in situ.

An anticorrosive agent stably protecting a metal surface with maintaining an anticorrosion property at a high temperature, and a terminal-fitted electric wire improved in anticorrosion property by using the agent. The anticorrosive agent contains a high-consistency material (A) containing a lubricant base oil and an amide compound, a composition (B) of a phosphorus compound containing one or more compounds represented by the general formulae (1) and (2) and a metal, and an azole (C). The mass ratio (A):(B) of the high-consistency material (A) and the composition (B) is within a range of 50:50 to 98:2. The content of the azole (C) is 0.5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total of (A) and (B).

A metal surface coating composition including a high-consistency material containing a lubricant base oil and an amide compound, and a composition of a phosphorus compound containing one or more compounds represented by the below formulae and a metal, wherein the ratio (a/b) of the number of amide groups (a) and the number of acidic groups (b) is within a range of 1.1 to 6.0: ##STR00001## where X.sup.1 to X.sup.7 represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.11 to R.sup.13 represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, wherein at least one of them is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and R.sup.14 to R.sup.16 represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms wherein at least one of them is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

A heat transfer fluid or thermal management system fluid that includes a freezing point depressant; water having an electrical conductivity less than 5 ?S/cm; and a corrosion inhibitor composition that includes one or more electrically non-conductive, low electrical conductivity corrosion inhibitors, or a combination of one or more organic acid and one or more organic base; wherein a conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is less than or equal to about 500 ?S/cm.

An anti-corrosion composition containing at least one fatty acid ester, at least one glycol, at least one ethylene oxide/propylene oxide (EO/PO) alkoxylate, at least one polyethylene glycol ester, and at least one modified lecithin is provided. An anti-corrosion composition also is provided which contains at least one fatty acid ester, at least one glycol, at least one sorbate, and at least one modified lecithin. A method of preparing an anti-corrosion composition is also provided. At least one modified lecithin can be blended with at least one fatty acid ester, at least one glycol, at least one EO/PO alkoxylate, or at least one polyethylene glycol ester, or any combination thereof. A method of inhibiting corrosion of a metal surface including applying an anti-corrosion composition to the metal surface in an amount effective to inhibit corrosion of the metal surface is further provided.

A metal surface coating composition including a high-consistency material containing a lubricant base oil and an amide compound, and a composition of a phosphorus compound containing one or more compounds represented by the below formulae and a metal, wherein the ratio (a/b) of the number of amide groups (a) and the number of acidic groups (b) is within a range of 1.1 to 6.0:

##STR00001## where X.sup.1 to X.sup.7 represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.11 to R.sup.13 represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, wherein at least one of them is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and R.sup.14 to R.sup.16 represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms wherein at least one of them is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

An additive, such as an aminal, a dibutylamine, or combinations thereof, may treat a system having a corrosion inhibitor in the form of at least one sulfur species and/or at least one phosphorous-containing compound. The additive may be introduced or added to the corrosion inhibitor within an aqueous system, an aerobic system, and/or an anaerobic system to inactivate the sulfur species and/or the phosphorous-containing compounds.