A flexible pipe for subsea transportation of production fluids, a method of manufacturing flexible pipe body and a method of providing corrosion protection to armour wires of at least one tensile armour layer of a flexible pipe having a breached pipe annulus are disclosed. The flexible pipe comprises a fluid retaining layer, an outer sheath and at least one tensile armour layer comprising a plurality of helically wound monofilament armour wires of a first material, each having a non-circular cross section with an aspect ratio of greater than 1:2 disposed between the fluid retaining layer and the outer sheath. The tensile armour layer further comprises at least one helically wound elongate anode element substantially having a cross-section aspect ratio of 1:1 and comprising a further material, interposed between armour wires, the anode element cross section having an area that is 50% or less of a corresponding area of said non-circular cross section.

A metal section in concrete or mortar material is protected against corrosion by providing an anode and a solar panel where the solar panel and the anode are supplied for installation as a common unit where the anode is mounted to the rear of the solar panel with an optional storage component therebetween. At least a part of the anode is attached to a surface of the material and one or both of the anode and the solar panel is flexible to conform to the surface. In installation, a light meter is used to determine levels of ambient light for example in an interior location not in receipt of direct sunlight and details of the material and metal section at the location to calculate a required location and size of the solar panels and the anodes.

A metal section in concrete or mortar material is protected against corrosion by providing an anode and a solar panel where the solar panel and the anode are supplied for installation as a common unit where the anode is mounted to the rear of the solar panel with an optional storage component therebetween. At least a part of the anode is attached to a surface of the material and one or both of the anode and the solar panel is flexible to conform to the surface. In installation, a light meter is used to determine levels of ambient light for example in an interior location not in receipt of direct sunlight and details of the material and metal section at the location to calculate a required location and size of the solar panels and the anodes.

An autonomous impressed current cathodic protection device utilizes a spiral layout of materials, with a magnesium sheet placed in parallel with a copper sheet, and a foamed material in between as insulation, all placed in a plastic container and solidified after inert fluid material is poured in. At a center of the spiral layout, a magnesium anode core is connected through a wire to the surrounding spiral layout. The device can generate electrical voltage of up to −1.7 volt with increased amperage of up to 500 mA. The presented layout of the materials and components allows for increased flexibility concerning the manufacturing of devices based on the requirements of industrial applications, construction sites, and various needs and demands in marine applications for ships, regardless of size.

An autonomous impressed current cathodic protection device utilizes a spiral layout of materials, with a magnesium sheet placed in parallel with a copper sheet, and a foamed material in between as insulation, all placed in a plastic container and solidified after inert fluid material is poured in. At a center of the spiral layout, a magnesium anode core is connected through a wire to the surrounding spiral layout. The device can generate electrical voltage of up to −1.7 volt with increased amperage of up to 500 mA. The presented layout of the materials and components allows for increased flexibility concerning the manufacturing of devices based on the requirements of industrial applications, construction sites, and various needs and demands in marine applications for ships, regardless of size.

Systems and methods for monitoring anodic protection are disclosed. The system can include a sacrificial anode having an anode body, at least one cavity within the anode body, a conductor disposed within the at least one cavity, and electronic circuitry in communication with the conductor. The sacrificial anode can be electrically connected to a component or structure that is subject to galvanic corrosion. The cavity can be positioned such that as the anode degrades to a certain point, the conductor will contact water. In response, an alert can be provided to inform a user that the sacrificial anode needs replacement. The alert can be provided by activating a light, siren, or other device. The alert can also be sent to a mobile device or website.

A selectively removable engine anode having a metallic anode base with a threaded configuration disposed proximal to a lower end thereon and on an outer surface, a flanged platform extending radially along a longitudinal length of the base to define an outer flange diameter, and a cantilevered retention member directly coupled to the flanged platform and having a diameter less than the outer flange diameter. The anode includes a galvanic anode with a first anode end coupled to the flanged platform, a second anode free end opposing the first anode end, and an anode length separating the first anode end and the second anode free end, wherein the galvanic anode and the flanged platform encapsulate the cantilevered retention member, the anode base is selectively removably couplable to a plug that is operably configured to be selectively coupled to a marine engine.

Flexible pipe body, a flexible pipe and a method of manufacturing pipe body are disclosed. The flexible pipe body comprises a tensile armour layer and a supporting layer radially outside, or radially inside, and in an abutting relationship with the tensile armour layer. The supporting layer comprises a helically wound constraining tape element and a helically wound electrically conductive tape element.

A water heater can include a heat source and a heat exchanger that transfers heat to the water. A header attached to the heat exchanger provides an inlet and an outlet for water to flow into and out of the heat exchanger. The header can also include an anode assembly that releasably attaches to the header. The anode assembly can be located at a bottom of the header so that an anode in the anode assembly remains in contact with the water when water is flowing through the heat exchanger.

A water heater can include a heat source and a heat exchanger that transfers heat to the water. A header attached to the heat exchanger provides an inlet and an outlet for water to flow into and out of the heat exchanger. The header can also include an anode assembly that releasably attaches to the header. The anode assembly can be located at a bottom of the header so that an anode in the anode assembly remains in contact with the water when water is flowing through the heat exchanger.