A manganese oxide, a manganese oxide/carbon mixture and a manganese oxide composite electrode material, having high catalytic activity produced at low cost, to be used as an anode catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis, and their production methods, are provided. A manganese oxide for an oxygen evolution electrode catalyst in water electrolysis is provided, which is a manganese oxide having a metallic valence of higher than 3.0 and at most 4.0, having an average primary particle size of at most 80 nm and an average secondary particle size of at most 25 μm, a manganese oxide/carbon mixture for an oxygen evolution electrode catalyst in water electrolysis, having a proportion of manganese oxide to the total of the manganese oxide and electrically conductive carbon of from 0.5 to 40 wt %, and a manganese oxide composite electrode material which includes an electrically conductive substrate constituted by fibers.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite electrolyte membrane which has excellent chemical resistance and can maintain sufficient mechanical strength even under conditions of high humidity and high pressure, which are the operating conditions for electrochemical hydrogen pumps and water electrolyzers. This composite electrolyte membrane, which is for achieving said purpose, has a composite layer obtained by combining a polyelectrolyte with a mesh woven material that satisfies (1) and (2) and comprises liquid crystal polyester fibers or polyphenylene sulfide fibers. (1): Mesh thickness (μm)/fiber diameter (μm)<2.0. (2): Opening (μm)/fiber diameter (μm)>1.0.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite electrolyte membrane which has excellent chemical resistance and can maintain sufficient mechanical strength even under conditions of high humidity and high pressure, which are the operating conditions for electrochemical hydrogen pumps and water electrolyzers. This composite electrolyte membrane, which is for achieving said purpose, has a composite layer obtained by combining a polyelectrolyte with a mesh woven material that satisfies (1) and (2) and comprises liquid crystal polyester fibers or polyphenylene sulfide fibers. (1): Mesh thickness (μm)/fiber diameter (μm)<2.0. (2): Opening (μm)/fiber diameter (μm)>1.0.

The method for forming a water sterilization electrode includes heating a conductive medium to an elevated temperature in a heating apparatus. The method further includes growing oxide nanostructures on the conductive medium at the elevated temperature by supplying one or more oxidizing gases to the heating apparatus. The method further includes ramping down from the elevated temperature at 2-30° C./min to a room temperature to form the water sterilization electrode having the oxide nanostructures on the conductive medium.

The present disclosure relates generally to an electrolyzed water generator, kit and method of use. More particularly, the present disclosure relates an electrolyzed water generator with a producing bottle and a solution bottle. Specifically, the present disclosure a method and apparatus of generating electrolyzed water using an apparatus that is able to accurately dose water in a residential or business setting without further devices.

The present invention relates to a method, and a cell for carrying out the method for the electrochemical reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia. The method comprises the steps of: (1) contacting a cathodic working electrode comprising a nanostructured catalyst with an electrolyte comprising (a) one or more liquid salts optionally in combination with (b) one or more organic solvents having low viscosity and supporting high ionic conductivity, and (2) introducing dinitrogen and a source of hydrogen to the electrolyte, wherein the dinitrogen is reduced to ammonia at the cathodic working electrode.

An electrochemical hydrogen pump includes an electrolyte membrane, an anode catalyst layer on one primary surface of the electrolyte membrane, a cathode catalyst layer on the other primary surface of the electrolyte membrane, an anode gas diffusion layer on the anode catalyst layer, an anode separator on the anode gas diffusion layer, and a voltage applicator that applies a voltage between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer. Application of the voltage causes hydrogen in a hydrogen-containing gas supplied to above the anode catalyst layer to move above the cathode catalyst layer and to be pressurized. The anode gas diffusion layer includes a porous carbon sheet that contains carbon fibers and a carbon material different from the carbon fibers and that has a larger porosity in a first surface layer on the anode separator side, than in a second surface layer on the anode catalyst layer side.

An electrode for use in an alkaline electrolysis process, the electrode comprising: a metal substrate; a catalytic layer disposed on the metal substrate, the catalytic layer comprising nickel and nickel oxide and having a porosity less than about 1 m.sup.2/g; and an active composition disposed both on and within the catalytic layer, the active composition comprising one or more metal compounds selected from a cobalt compound, an iridium compound, a rhodium compound, an iron compound, a platinum compound, a lithium compound and a manganese compound. An alkaline water electrolysis unit comprising the electrode and a method of forming the electrode.

An electrode for use in an alkaline electrolysis process, the electrode comprising: a metal substrate; a catalytic layer disposed on the metal substrate, the catalytic layer comprising nickel and nickel oxide and having a porosity less than about 1 m.sup.2/g; and an active composition disposed both on and within the catalytic layer, the active composition comprising one or more metal compounds selected from a cobalt compound, an iridium compound, a rhodium compound, an iron compound, a platinum compound, a lithium compound and a manganese compound. An alkaline water electrolysis unit comprising the electrode and a method of forming the electrode.

Disclosed are an oxidizing electrode, a water electrolysis device including the same and a method for manufacturing the same. According to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an oxidizing electrode with improved performance at low loadings of noble metals, especially, ruthenium (Ru) and iridium oxide, in which a ruthenium (Ru) layer and an iridium oxide layer formed on a substrate by electrodeposition in a sequential order are supported by electrochemical reaction rather than physical bonding.