A pyrolysis gas reforming system is provided. The pyrolysis gas reforming system includes a pyrolysis unit configured to perform pyrolysis of waste, an oil-gas separation unit configured to separate a product generated by the pyrolysis unit into oil and gas, a pyrolysis gas purification unit configured to refine pyrolysis gas generated through the separation by the oil-gas separation unit, a pyrolysis gas reforming unit configured to generate synthesis gas by reforming the pyrolysis gas purified by the pyrolysis gas purification unit, a hydrogen gas shift reaction unit configured to convert carbon monoxide contained in the synthesis gas generated by the pyrolysis gas reforming unit into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and a hydrogen separation unit configured to separate hydrogen from the synthesis gas discharged from the hydrogen gas shift reaction unit, wherein combustion gas generated by a burner of the pyrolysis gas reforming unit and used to supply heat to the pyrolysis gas reforming unit is used to supply heat to the pyrolysis unit.

A combined reforming apparatus is provided. The combined reforming apparatus includes a body, a first catalyst tube disposed inside the body and reacting at a first temperature to reform hydrocarbons (CA) having two or more carbon atoms into methane (CH.sub.4), a second catalyst tube disposed inside the body, connected to the first catalyst tube, and reacting at a second temperature higher than the first temperature to reform methane (CH.sub.4) into synthesis gas comprising hydrogen (H.sub.2) and carbon monoxide (CO), a combustion unit configured to supply heat to the first and second catalyst tubes, a gas supply pipe configured to supply hydrocarbon gas to the first catalyst tube, a first steam supply pipe configured to supply steam to the first catalyst tube, and a second steam supply pipe configured to supply steam to the second catalyst tube.

What is proposed is a process and a plant for parallel production of methanol and ammonia by heterogeneously catalyzed reaction of hydrogen and carbon oxides on the one hand and hydrogen and nitrogen on the other hand. This includes producing a raw synthesis gas stream and dividing it into two portions. A first raw synthesis gas substream is used as input for a methanol synthesis to obtain raw methanol and a methanol synthesis purge stream. A second raw synthesis gas substream is subjected to a CO conversion, a carbon dioxide separation and a liquid nitrogen scrubbing and then sent to an ammonia synthesis. According to the invention at least a portion of the methanol synthesis purge stream is sent to the ammonia synthesis and at least one substream obtained from the second raw synthesis gas substream is passed to the methanol synthesis.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for hydrogen production as well as apparatuses useful in such systems and methods. Hydrogen is produced by steam reforming of a hydrocarbon in a gas heated reformer that is heated using one or more streams comprising combustion products of a fuel in an oxidant, preferably in the presence of a carbon dioxide circulating stream.

A synthesis gas plant for producing synthesis gas, said synthesis gas plant including an electrically heated reforming reactor system including a first catalyst active for catalyzing steam methane reforming reaction, said electrically heated reforming reactor system being arranged to receive a feed gas comprising hydrocarbons and outletting a first synthesis gas stream. The synthesis gas plant also includes a post converter downstream the electrically heated reforming reactor system, said post converter housing a second catalyst active for catalyzing steam methane reforming/methanation reactions and reverse water gas shift reaction, said post converter being arranged to receive at least part of said first synthesis gas stream and outletting a second synthesis gas stream. Furthermore, the synthesis gas plant includes means for adding a heated CO.sub.2 rich gas stream to the at least part of the first synthesis gas stream upstream the post converter and/or into the post converter.

A plant, such as a hydrocarbon plant, is provided, which consists of a syngas stage for syngas generation and a synthesis stage where said syngas is synthesized to produce syngas derived product, such as hydrocarbon product. The plant makes effective use of various streams; in particular CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The plant does not comprise an external feed of hydrocarbons. A method for producing a product stream, such as a hydrocarbon product stream is also provided.

A hydrogen reforming system is provided and includes a steam reforming system, a dry reforming system, and a water supply device. The steam reforming system is configured to (i) receive a raw material gas and react the raw material gas with water to generate a first mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, (ii) react the first mixed gas with the water to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and (iii) discharge hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The dry reforming system is configured to (i) receive and react the raw material gas and the carbon dioxide discharged from the steam reforming system to generate a second mixed gas containing hydrogen, (ii) react the second mixed gas with the water to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and (iii) discharge hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The water supply device is configured to supply the water to the steam reforming system and the dry reforming system.

A process and system for generating hydrogen gas are described, in which water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and a feedstock including oxygenate(s) and/or hydrocarbon(s), is non-autothermally catalytically oxidatively reformed with oxygen to generate hydrogen. The hydrogen generation system in a specific implementation includes an electrolyzer arranged to receive water and to generate hydrogen and oxygen therefrom, and a non-autothermal segmented adiabatic reactor containing non-autothermal oxidative reforming catalyst, arranged to receive the feedstock, water, and electrolyzer-generated oxygen, for non-autothermal catalytic oxidative reforming reaction to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen generation process and system are particularly advantageous for using bioethanol to produce green hydrogen.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a diesel reformer system comprising: a diesel autothermal reforming unit; a post-reforming unit disposed downstream of the autothermal reforming unit; a heat exchanger disposed downstream of the post-reforming unit; and a desulfurization unit disposed downstream of the heat exchanger.

A system optionally including a carbon oxide reactor. A method for carbon oxide reactor control, optionally including selecting carbon oxide reactor aspects based on a desired output composition, running a carbon oxide reactor under controlled process conditions to produce a desired output composition, and/or altering the process conditions to alter the output composition.