The invention relates to methods of capturing carbon by microbial fermentation of a gaseous substrate comprising CO into one or more first products which, in turn, may be incorporated into an article of manufacture or one or more second products.

A synthesis process comprising steam reforming a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock (11); exothermically reacting the resulting synthesis gas; removing heat from said exothermal reaction by producing steam (32); using said steam as heat input to the steam reforming, wherein the steam reforming comprises: a) forming a mixture (30) containing steam and hydrocarbons by at least the step of adding a first stream of water (26) to the hydrocarbon feedstock (11); b) heating said mixture (30) by indirect heat exchange with synthesis gas; c) reforming said mixture after said heating step b).

Heat exchanger-reformer for use in a hydrogen production plant for producing syngas, for instance by means of a steam methane reforming method, wherein the reformer comprises vessel with a first inlet for supplying feed and a second inlet for supplying hot reformer effluent, preferably coming from a main steam methane reformer, wherein the heat exchanger-reformer further comprises a heat exchanging section that is arranged in fluid connection with the first and second inlets for exchanging heat between the feed and reformer effluent to effectuate steam reforming of hydrocarbon to produce syngas, wherein the heat exchanging section comprises a plate heat exchanger assembly for heat exchange between said feed and said reformer effluent.

Chemical processors are configured to reduce mass, work in conjunction with solar concentrators, and/or house porous inserts in microchannel or mesochannel devices made by additive manufacturing. Methods of making chemical processors containing porous inserts by additive manufacturing are also disclosed.

A fuel cell system includes a reformer generating a reformed gas from a fuel gas supplied from a fuel supplier by a reforming reaction to discharge a mixed gas of the fuel gas unreacted and the reformed gas, and including a catalyst device including a catalyst used for the reforming reaction and a fuel cell stack including an anode receiving the reformed gas generated at the reformer, a cathode receiving oxygen, and a reforming device generating a reformed gas from the unreacted fuel gas of the mixed gas supplied from the reformer by a reforming reaction to be provided to the anode and being installed integrally with or adjacent to the anode, and the reformer controls the amount of the unreacted fuel gas discharged from the reformer to increase and decrease a reforming amount inside the fuel cell stack based on a temperature of the fuel cell stack.

The present invention relates to a method of improving the efficiency of an integrated hydrogen generation system by the introduction of a means to heat the PSA tail gas within the PSA surge tank.

Apparatus are provided for a hybrid fuel cell system. The hybrid fuel cell system includes a fuel supply system. The fuel supply system includes a fuel source, a reforming subsystem and a depressurization system. The fuel source is in fluid communication with the reforming subsystem. The reforming subsystem reforms the fuel from the fuel source to generate hydrogen enriched gases, and the reforming subsystem is in fluid communication with the depressurization system. The depressurization system reduces a pressure of the hydrogen enriched gases. The hybrid fuel cell system also includes a fuel cell stack in communication with the depressurization system to receive the hydrogen enriched gases at the reduced pressure.

The invention relates to a process for reforming a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon gas and steam, said process comprising the steps of: a) in a synthesis gas generation reactor carrying out a reforming reaction of the hydrocarbon feed stream over a first catalyst, thereby forming a first synthesis gas; b) providing a heated CO.sub.2 rich stream to a post converter comprising a second catalyst; and c) in said post converter carrying out a methanation, steam reforming and reverse water gas shift reactions of the first synthesis gas and the heated CO.sub.2 rich stream to produce a product synthesis gas, wherein said second catalyst is heated electrically by means of an electrical power source. The invention moreover relates to a system arranged to carry out the process of the invention.

Offshore systems and methods may be configured for offshore power generation and carbon dioxide injection for enhanced gas recovery for gas reservoirs. For example, a method may include: providing an offshore facility including a gas turbine, and a gas separator; producing a produced gas from a gas reservoir to the offshore facility; combusting the produced gas in a gas turbine to produce power and a flue gas; at least partially removing nitrogen from the flue gas in a gas separator to produce a carbon dioxide-enriched flue gas and a nitrogen-enriched flue gas; compressing the carbon dioxide-enriched flue gas in a gas compressor to produce a compressed gas; and injecting the compressed gas from the gas compressor into the gas reservoir, wherein 80 mol % or more of hydrocarbon in the produced gas is combusted and/or injected into the gas reservoir.

A method is described for controlling a furnace containing a plurality of catalyst-containing tubes heated by a combustion gas generated by a plurality of burners, said method comprising the steps of: (i) measuring path-averaged combustion gas temperatures on multiple paths through the furnace using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, (ii) periodically measuring temperatures of surfaces within the furnace to obtain periodic surface temperature information, (iii) entering the path-averaged combustion gas temperatures and periodic surface temperature information into a computer model of the furnace, said model comprising parameters for controlling the furnace; and (iv) using the computer model and the temperature information to obtain optimised parameters for controlling the furnace. A system for performing the method is also described.