Self-cleaning electrochemical cells, systems including self-cleaning electrochemical cells, and methods of operating self-cleaning electrochemical cells are disclosed. The self-cleaning electrochemical cell can include a plurality of concentric electrodes disposed in a housing, a fluid channel defined between the concentric electrodes, and an electrical connector positioned at a distal end of a concentric electrode and electrically connected to the electrode. The electrical connectors may be configured to provide a substantially even current distribution to the concentric electrode and minimize a zone of reduced velocity occurring downstream from the electrical connector. The electrical connector may be configured to cause a temperature of an electrolyte solution to increase by less than about 0.5° C. while transmitting at least 100 W of power.

The present disclosure relates to a biocide-generating device for outputting a biocide to a water system. The biocide-generating device includes a power circuit positioned within a housing that defines an electrolytic cell of the biocide-generating device.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to a method, apparatus and system for the evaporation of produced water and dirty water from oil and gas production and other dirty water sources. The evaporation system may consist of a portable pond embodied in an Above Ground Storage Tank (AST) system and a fluid projection system which maybe controlled and employ optimized operating conditions to maximize the evaporation of produced water under varying meteorological and chemical condition.

An electrochlorination system includes an electrolyzer fluidically connectable between a source of feed fluid and a product fluid outlet, and a sub-system configured to one of increase a pH of the feed fluid, or increase a ratio of monovalent to divalent ions in the feed fluid, upstream of the electrolyzer.

Processes for producing olefins may include electrolyzing an aqueous solution comprising metal chloride, where electrolyzing the aqueous solution causes at least a portion of the metal chloride to undergo chemical reaction to produce a treatment composition comprising hypochlorite. The processes may further include contacting at least a portion of the treatment composition with the sour water at a pH from 8 to 12, where the sour water comprises sulfides and the contacting causes reaction of the sulfides in the sour water with the hypochlorite to produce a treated aqueous mixture comprising at least metal sulfates and metal chlorides, where the metal sulfates are present in the treated aqueous mixture as precipitated solids. The processes may further include separating the precipitated solids from the treated aqueous mixture to produce a treated effluent comprising at least the metal chloride.

A biocide-generating device including a housing having an inlet and an outlet. The biocide-generating device additionally including a strainer basket that mounts within an interior of the housing including parallel electrode plates positioned within an interior of the strainer basket. The biocide generating device additionally including a protective dielectric sleeve in which the electrode plates are received. The protective dielectric sleeve is positioned between the electrode plates and the strainer basket.

The invention relates to a system and method for treating wastewater onboard a marine vessel or other limited space application where wastewater treatment is required. In one embodiment of the invention, two polar opposite wastewater treatment processes are incorporated into the same treatment system. The system is a hybrid treatment unit that combines a conventional wastewater treatment using a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process-based biological treatment unit in combination with a novel electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) via an in-situ sodium hypochlorite recirculation. The clarified and disinfected effluent from this hybrid treatment unit is filtered to remove residual TSS. The filtered and disinfected effluent is discharged after dechlorination/neutralization. On-site maintenance disinfectant can be produced via the electrochemical/electrochlorination/electro-oxidation process and used for both treatment unit cleaning and disinfection. Additionally, the treatment unit provides a wholly separate stream of electrolysis generated disinfectant for surface disinfection purposes.

The present invention is directed to an electrochemical device for at least partially removing or reducing a target ionic species from an aqueous solution using faradic immobilization, the electrochemical device including at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode with different void fraction and surface area properties, due to differences in void fraction (also referred to as void ratio) of the at least one first and the at least one second electrode, water flows through an electrode with a high porosity, while the aqueous solution does not flow through an electrode with a low porosity. The asymmetry of the electrodes provides a desired voltage distribution across the device, which equates to a different voltage at each electrode, to control the speciation of the target ionic species at the anode and the cathode.

A filtration apparatus includes a flow path, a valve provided on the flow path, a first light source configured to emit a first light including ultraviolet (UV) light toward the flow path, a second light source configured to emit a second light including visible light or infrared light toward the flow path, a first optical sensor located out of a path of the first light and the second light, electrodes provided on the flow path, and a processor electrically coupled to the valve, the first light source, the second light source, the first optical sensor, and the electrodes. The processor is configured to alternately operate the first light source and the second light source, receive a first signal from the first optical sensor while the first light source emits the first light, and control the valve and the electrodes to sterilize the flow path based on the first signal.

A chlorinating system includes an electrode assembly comprising a plurality electrode blades, a cap electrically and mechanically coupled to the electrode assembly, and a housing for enveloping the electrode assembly in an interior compartment of the housing. The housing exposes the electrode assembly to an inlet and outlet of the housing. The cap is removable from the housing and allows for the individual replacement of single electrode blades forming the electrode blade assembly.