An object of the present invention is to provide a resistive composition that can form a thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The resistive composition of the present invention includes: ruthenium-based conductive particles including ruthenium dioxide; a glass frit that is essentially free of a lead component; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit is a glass frit which is constituted such that in a case where a fired product of a mixture of the glass frit and the ruthenium dioxide has in a range of 1 k/ to 1 M/, the fired product exhibits a temperature coefficient of resistance in a plus range.

An object of the present invention is to provide a resistive composition that can form a thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The resistive composition of the present invention includes: ruthenium-based conductive particles including ruthenium dioxide; a glass frit that is essentially free of a lead component; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit is a glass frit which is constituted such that in a case where a fired product of a mixture of the glass frit and the ruthenium dioxide has in a range of 1 k/ to 1 M/, the fired product exhibits a temperature coefficient of resistance in a plus range.

An object of the present invention is to provide a resistive composition that can form a thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The resistive composition of the present invention includes: ruthenium-based conductive particles including ruthenium dioxide; a glass frit that is essentially free of a lead component; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit is a glass frit which is constituted such that in a case where a fired product of a mixture of the glass frit and the ruthenium dioxide has in a range of 1 k/ to 1 M/, the fired product exhibits a temperature coefficient of resistance in a plus range.

The invention relates to a method for producing a coated, chemically prestressed glass substrate having anti-fingerprint properties. The method includes: applying at least one functional layer to a glass substrate; chemically prestressing the coated glass substrate by an ion exchange, where existing smaller alkali metal ions are exchanged for larger alkali metal ions, and are enriched in the glass substrate and the at least one functional layer; activating the surface of the at least one functional layer, where if more than one functional layer is present the surface of the outermost or uppermost layer is activated, the activating including one of several alternatives; and applying an amphiphobic coating to the at least one functional layer of the glass substrate, where, as a result of the activation process, the functional layer interacts with the amphiphobic coating.

The invention relates to a method for producing a coated, chemically prestressed glass substrate having anti-fingerprint properties. The method includes: applying at least one functional layer to a glass substrate; chemically prestressing the coated glass substrate by an ion exchange, where existing smaller alkali metal ions are exchanged for larger alkali metal ions, and are enriched in the glass substrate and the at least one functional layer; activating the surface of the at least one functional layer, where if more than one functional layer is present the surface of the outermost or uppermost layer is activated, the activating including one of several alternatives; and applying an amphiphobic coating to the at least one functional layer of the glass substrate, where, as a result of the activation process, the functional layer interacts with the amphiphobic coating.

A light emitting device includes a light emitting diode (LED); a transparent optic having a refractive index n.sub.optic; and a phosphor layer spaced apart from the LED and positioned between the LED and the transparent optic. The phosphor layer has an effective refractive index n.sub.phosphor, where a gap between the LED and the phosphor layer has a refractive index n.sub.gap that is less than n.sub.phosphor. The transparent optic has an inner convex surface in contact with the phosphor layer. The inner convex surface has an inner radius of curvature r; and an outer convex surface facing away from the phosphor layer and being a surface through which the light emitting device emits light into a medium adjacent the outer convex surface. The medium has a refractive index n.sub.medium. The outer convex surface has an outer radius of curvature R, such that r/R is equal to n.sub.medium/n.sub.optic.

The present invention relates to a paste composition for forming a solar cell front electrode, a solar cell front electrode formed by using the composition, and a solar cell including the front electrode.

Specifically, the paste composition includes conductive powder; an inorganic additive; and an organic vehicle, wherein the conductive powder is a metal powder including a mixture of silver (Ag) powder and aluminum (Al) powder, and the inorganic additive includes a lead (Pb)-zinc (Zn)-boron (B)-silicon (Si)-tungsten (W)-based glass frit.

An object of the present invention is to provide a resistive composition that can form a thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The resistive composition of the present invention includes: ruthenium-based conductive particles including ruthenium dioxide; a glass frit that is essentially free of a lead component; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit is a glass frit which is constituted such that in a case where a fired product of a mixture of the glass frit and the ruthenium dioxide has in a range of 1 k/ to 1 M/, the fired product exhibits a temperature coefficient of resistance in a plus range.

An object of the present invention is to provide a thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The present invention is a thick film resistor formed of a fired product of a resistive composition, wherein the thick film resistor contains ruthenium-based conductive particles containing ruthenium dioxide and a glass component being essentially free of a lead component and has a resistance value in the range of 100 / to 10 M/ and a temperature coefficient of resistance within 100 ppm/ C.