A vacuum insulated structure for use in an appliance includes an inner liner and an outer wrapper coupled to the inner liner. A vacuum insulated cavity is defined therebetween. An insulation material is disposed in the vacuum insulated cavity. The insulation material includes porous glass flakes.

A glass ceramic for an optical filter and an optical filter are obtained that have both thermal expansion characteristics for preventing refractive index fluctuations at a usage temperature of a filter member and mechanical characteristics considering durability, and further have excellent workability.

An internal transmittance of the glass ceramic for an optical filter is 0.970 or more with respect to light having a wavelength of 1550 nm when a thickness of the glass ceramic is 1 mm. The glass ceramic includes, by mass % in terms of oxide, 40.0% to 70.0% of a SiO.sub.2 component, 11.0% to 25.0% of an Al.sub.2O.sub.3 component, 5.0% to 19.0% of a Na.sub.2O component, 0% to 9.0% of a K.sub.2O component, 1.0% to 18.0% of one or more components selected from a MgO component and a ZnO component, 0% to 3.0% of a CaO component, and 0.5% to 12.0% of a TiO.sub.2 component.

A glass for chemical strengthening has a Young's modulus E of 70 GPa or more. The glass satisfies X.sub.1+X.sub.2+X.sub.3 being 1760 or less. Here, X.sub.1 is a numerical value equivalent to a value [unit: kPa/° C.] obtained by multiplying the Young's modulus E by an average coefficient α of thermal expansion at 50° C. to 350° C., X.sub.2 is a numeral value equivalent to a value of a temperature Tf [unit: ° C.] at which a viscosity of the glass reaches 100 MPa.Math.s, and X.sub.3 is a numerical value equivalent to a value of a difference [unit: 10.sup.5 Pa.Math.s] between the viscosity (100 MPa.Math.s) at the Tf and a viscosity η.sub.+10 at a temperature 10° C. higher than the Tf.

A glass for chemical strengthening has a Young's modulus E of 70 GPa or more. The glass satisfies X.sub.1+X.sub.2+X.sub.3 being 1760 or less. Here, X.sub.1 is a numerical value equivalent to a value [unit: kPa/° C.] obtained by multiplying the Young's modulus E by an average coefficient α of thermal expansion at 50° C. to 350° C., X.sub.2 is a numeral value equivalent to a value of a temperature Tf [unit: ° C.] at which a viscosity of the glass reaches 100 MPa.Math.s, and X.sub.3 is a numerical value equivalent to a value of a difference [unit: 10.sup.5 Pa.Math.s] between the viscosity (100 MPa.Math.s) at the Tf and a viscosity η.sub.+10 at a temperature 10° C. higher than the Tf.

A paste for ceramic 3D shaping according to the present invention is a paste for ceramic 3D shaping containing a curable resin and inorganic particles, in which the inorganic particles contain ceramic particles and glass particles.

A colored glass article includes greater than or equal to 50 mol % and less than or equal to 70 mol % SiO.sub.2, greater than or equal to 10 mol % and less than or equal to 17.5 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3, greater than or equal to 3 mol % and less than or equal to 10 mol % B.sub.2O.sub.3, greater than or equal to 8.8 mol % and less than or equal to 14 mol % Li.sub.2O, greater than or equal to 1.5 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % Na.sub.2O, and greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 2 mol % Cr.sub.2O.sub.3. R.sub.2O+RO−Al.sub.2O.sub.3 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mol % and less than or equal to 6 mol %. Al.sub.2O.sub.3+MgO+ZnO is greater than or equal to 12 mol % and less than or equal to 22 mol %.

A colored glass article includes greater than or equal to 50 mol % and less than or equal to 70 mol % SiO.sub.2, greater than or equal to 10 mol % and less than or equal to 17.5 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3, greater than or equal to 3 mol % and less than or equal to 10 mol % B.sub.2O.sub.3, greater than or equal to 8.8 mol % and less than or equal to 14 mol % Li.sub.2O, greater than or equal to 1.5 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % Na.sub.2O, and greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 2 mol % Cr.sub.2O.sub.3. R.sub.2O+RO−Al.sub.2O.sub.3 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mol % and less than or equal to 6 mol %. Al.sub.2O.sub.3+MgO+ZnO is greater than or equal to 12 mol % and less than or equal to 22 mol %.

A glass composition includes greater than or equal to 50 mol % and less than or equal to 70 mol % SiO.sub.2; greater than or equal to 10 mol % and less than or equal to 20 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; greater than or equal to 1 mol % and less than or equal to 10 mol % B.sub.2O.sub.3; greater than or equal to 7 mol % and less than or equal to 14 mol % Li.sub.2O; greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % Na.sub.2O; greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 1 mol % K.sub.2O; greater than or equal to 0 mol % and less than or equal to 7 mol % CaO; greater than or equal to 0 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % MgO; and greater than or equal to 0 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % ZnO. R.sub.2O+R′O is less than or equal to 25 mol %, wherein R.sub.2O is the sum of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, and K.sub.2O and R′O is the sum of CaO, MgO, and ZnO. The glass composition includes at least one of NiO+CO.sub.3O.sub.4+Cr.sub.2O.sub.3+CuO is greater than or equal to 0.001 mol %, CeO.sub.2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mol %, and TiO.sub.2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mol %.

A glass composition includes greater than or equal to 50 mol % and less than or equal to 70 mol % SiO.sub.2; greater than or equal to 10 mol % and less than or equal to 20 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; greater than or equal to 1 mol % and less than or equal to 10 mol % B.sub.2O.sub.3; greater than or equal to 7 mol % and less than or equal to 14 mol % Li.sub.2O; greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % Na.sub.2O; greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 1 mol % K.sub.2O; greater than or equal to 0 mol % and less than or equal to 7 mol % CaO; greater than or equal to 0 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % MgO; and greater than or equal to 0 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % ZnO. R.sub.2O+R′O is less than or equal to 25 mol %, wherein R.sub.2O is the sum of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, and K.sub.2O and R′O is the sum of CaO, MgO, and ZnO. The glass composition includes at least one of NiO+CO.sub.3O.sub.4+Cr.sub.2O.sub.3+CuO is greater than or equal to 0.001 mol %, CeO.sub.2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mol %, and TiO.sub.2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mol %.

A colored glass article may include 50-80 mol % SiO.sub.2; 7-20 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; 1-35 mol % R.sub.2O, wherein R.sub.2O comprises at least one of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, and K.sub.2O; 1×10.sup.−6-10 mol % of a colorant, wherein the colorant comprises at least one of Cr.sub.2O.sub.3, Au, Ag, CuO, NiO, Co.sub.3O.sub.4, TiO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2; and 12-24 mol % of Al.sub.2O.sub.3+MgO+CaO+ZnO. The colored glass article may have a transmittance color coordinate in the CIELAB color space with an L* value of 55 to 96.5. The colored glass article may have a compressive stress profile with a depth of compression ≥0.15t, a thickness t from 0.4 mm-5 mm, a compressive stress ≥200 MPa, and a central tension ≥60 MPa. The colored glass article may have a dielectric constant from 5.6 to 6.4 over the frequency range from 10 GHz to 60 GHz.