Methods of producing a glass article include melting a first glass composition and feeding a second glass composition into the melter. Both glass compositions include the same combination of components but at least one component has a concentration that is different in each. At least three glass articles may be drawn from the melter, including: a first glass article formed from the first glass composition; at least one intermediate glass article composed of neither the first nor the second glass composition; and a final glass article not composed of the first glass composition. The concentration of the at least one component in the intermediate glass article may be between the concentration in the first and second glass compositions. The first glass article and final glass article may have differing values for certain properties, and the intermediate glass article may have an intermediate set of values for the same properties.

Methods of producing a glass article include melting a first glass composition and feeding a second glass composition into the melter. Both glass compositions include the same combination of components but at least one component has a concentration that is different in each. At least three glass articles may be drawn from the melter, including: a first glass article formed from the first glass composition; at least one intermediate glass article composed of neither the first nor the second glass composition; and a final glass article not composed of the first glass composition. The concentration of the at least one component in the intermediate glass article may be between the concentration in the first and second glass compositions. The first glass article and final glass article may have differing values for certain properties, and the intermediate glass article may have an intermediate set of values for the same properties.

The present disclosure relates to a ceramic tile decorated with dry particles to give a three-dimensional pattern and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of A: glazing a surface of a green body with a ground coat; B: decorating a surface of the ground coat of the green body to form a pattern; C: drying the green body; D: embellishing the green body with dry particles; E: spraying a protective glaze on the surface of the green body; and F: firing the green body after the green body is sprayed with the protective glaze of step E to produce the ceramic tile decorated with dry particles. The manufacturing method can make the ceramic tile produced have a clear pattern, distinct layers, low glaze glossiness, a good non-slip effect, an obvious sense of dry particles, a strong three-dimensional effect, rich colors, and stable properties.

A glass-based article including a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a thickness (t) of about 3 millimeters or less (e.g., about 1 millimeter or less), and a stress profile, wherein all points of the stress profile between a thickness range from about 0.Math.t up to 0.3.Math.t and from greater than about 0.7.Math.t to t, comprise a tangent with a slope having an absolute value greater than about 0.1 MPa/micrometer. In some embodiments, the glass-based article includes a non-zero metal oxide concentration that varies along at least a portion of the thickness (e.g., 0.Math.t to about 0.3.Math.t) and a maximum central tension of less than about 71.5/√(t) (MPa). In some embodiments, the concentration of metal oxide or alkali metal oxide decreases from the first surface to a point between the first surface and the second surface and increases from the point to the second surface. The concentration of the metal oxide may be about 0.05 mol % or greater or about 0.5 mol % or greater throughout the thickness. Methods for forming such glass-based articles are also disclosed.

A glass-based article including a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a thickness (t) of about 3 millimeters or less (e.g., about 1 millimeter or less), and a stress profile, wherein all points of the stress profile between a thickness range from about 0.Math.t up to 0.3.Math.t and from greater than about 0.7.Math.t to t, comprise a tangent with a slope having an absolute value greater than about 0.1 MPa/micrometer. In some embodiments, the glass-based article includes a non-zero metal oxide concentration that varies along at least a portion of the thickness (e.g., 0.Math.t to about 0.3.Math.t) and a maximum central tension of less than about 71.5/√(t) (MPa). In some embodiments, the concentration of metal oxide or alkali metal oxide decreases from the first surface to a point between the first surface and the second surface and increases from the point to the second surface. The concentration of the metal oxide may be about 0.05 mol % or greater or about 0.5 mol % or greater throughout the thickness. Methods for forming such glass-based articles are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a glass for chemical strengthening including, in mole percentage on an oxide basis: 45 to 75% of SiO.sub.2; 1 to 30% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3; 1 to 20% of Li.sub.2O; 0 to 5% of Y.sub.2O.sub.3; 0 to 5% of ZrO.sub.2; and 0 to 1% of TiO.sub.2, having a total content of one or more kinds of MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO and ZnO of 1 to 20%, having a total content of Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O of 0 to 10%, having a total content of B.sub.2O.sub.3 and P.sub.2O.sub.5 of 0 to 10%, and having a value M expressed by the following expression of 1,000 or more: M=−5×[SiO.sub.2]+121×[Al.sub.2O.sub.3]+50×[Li.sub.2O]−35×[Na.sub.2O]+32×[K.sub.2O]+85×[MgO]+54×[CaO]−41×[Sr O]−4×[P.sub.2O.sub.5]+218×[Y.sub.2O.sub.3]+436×[ZrO.sub.2]−1180, in which each of [SiO.sub.2], [Al.sub.2O.sub.3], [Li.sub.2O], [Na.sub.2O], [K.sub.2O], [MgO], [CaO], [SrO], [P.sub.2O.sub.5], [Y.sub.2O.sub.3], and [ZrO.sub.2] designates a content of each component in mole percentage on an oxide basis.

The present invention relates to a glass for chemical strengthening including, in mole percentage on an oxide basis: 45 to 75% of SiO.sub.2; 1 to 30% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3; 1 to 20% of Li.sub.2O; 0 to 5% of Y.sub.2O.sub.3; 0 to 5% of ZrO.sub.2; and 0 to 1% of TiO.sub.2, having a total content of one or more kinds of MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO and ZnO of 1 to 20%, having a total content of Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O of 0 to 10%, having a total content of B.sub.2O.sub.3 and P.sub.2O.sub.5 of 0 to 10%, and having a value M expressed by the following expression of 1,000 or more: M=−5×[SiO.sub.2]+121×[Al.sub.2O.sub.3]+50×[Li.sub.2O]−35×[Na.sub.2O]+32×[K.sub.2O]+85×[MgO]+54×[CaO]−41×[Sr O]−4×[P.sub.2O.sub.5]+218×[Y.sub.2O.sub.3]+436×[ZrO.sub.2]−1180, in which each of [SiO.sub.2], [Al.sub.2O.sub.3], [Li.sub.2O], [Na.sub.2O], [K.sub.2O], [MgO], [CaO], [SrO], [P.sub.2O.sub.5], [Y.sub.2O.sub.3], and [ZrO.sub.2] designates a content of each component in mole percentage on an oxide basis.

It is demanded that a LTCC substrate composition capable of maintaining low relative permittivity k and high Q value without having a reactivity with a silver which is an electrode material and causing migration of the silver during a co-firing operation at a low temperature. Provided with a low temperature co-fired substrate composition containing 83 to 91 wt. % of CaO-B.sub.2O.sub.3-SiO.sub.2 based glass powder, 7.5 to 14 wt. % of two or more kinds of nanometer-sized SiO.sub.2 powders having different ranges of particle diameter and 1.5 to 3 wt. % of β-wollastonite powder as a crystallization agent wherein the glass powder contains 40.0 to 45.0 wt. % of CaO, 9.0 to 20.0 wt. % of B.sub.2O.sub.3 and 40.0 to 46.0 wt. % of SiO.sub.2.

Coated glass or glass ceramic substrates having high temperature resistance, high strength, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The coating includes pores, is fluid-tight and suitable for coating a temperature-resistant, high-strength glass or glass ceramic substrate with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and to a method for producing such a coated substrate.

Coated glass or glass ceramic substrates having high temperature resistance, high strength, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The coating includes pores, is fluid-tight and suitable for coating a temperature-resistant, high-strength glass or glass ceramic substrate with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and to a method for producing such a coated substrate.