A glass tube element is provided that includes hollow cylindrical section that has a shell enclosing a lumen and a path extending on a surface of the shell facing away from the lumen. The path extends across a first area of the shell where the stress values are within a first interval. The path also extends across a second area of the shell where the stress values are within a second interval.

A glass tube element is provided that includes hollow cylindrical section that has a shell enclosing a lumen and a path extending on a surface of the shell facing away from the lumen. The path extends across a first area of the shell where the stress values are within a first interval. The path also extends across a second area of the shell where the stress values are within a second interval.

Methods of producing a glass article include melting a first glass composition and feeding a second glass composition into the melter. Both glass compositions include the same combination of components but at least one component has a concentration that is different in each. At least three glass articles may be drawn from the melter, including: a first glass article formed from the first glass composition; at least one intermediate glass article composed of neither the first nor the second glass composition; and a final glass article not composed of the first glass composition. The concentration of the at least one component in the intermediate glass article may be between the concentration in the first and second glass compositions. The first glass article and final glass article may have differing values for certain properties, and the intermediate glass article may have an intermediate set of values for the same properties.

Methods of producing a glass article include melting a first glass composition and feeding a second glass composition into the melter. Both glass compositions include the same combination of components but at least one component has a concentration that is different in each. At least three glass articles may be drawn from the melter, including: a first glass article formed from the first glass composition; at least one intermediate glass article composed of neither the first nor the second glass composition; and a final glass article not composed of the first glass composition. The concentration of the at least one component in the intermediate glass article may be between the concentration in the first and second glass compositions. The first glass article and final glass article may have differing values for certain properties, and the intermediate glass article may have an intermediate set of values for the same properties.

Embodiments of this disclosure pertain to a strengthened glass article including a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a thickness (t) of about less than about 1.1 mm, a compressive stress layer extending from the first surface to a depth of compression (DOC) of about 0.1.Math.t or greater, such that when the glass article fracture, it breaks into a plurality of fragments having an aspect ratio of about 5 or less. In some embodiments, the glass article exhibits an equibiaxial flexural strength of about 20 kgf or greater, after being abraded with 90-grit SiC particles at a pressure of 25 psi for 5 seconds. Devices incorporating the glass articles described herein and methods for making the same are also disclosed.

Embodiments of this disclosure pertain to a strengthened glass article including a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a thickness (t) of about less than about 1.1 mm, a compressive stress layer extending from the first surface to a depth of compression (DOC) of about 0.1.Math.t or greater, such that when the glass article fracture, it breaks into a plurality of fragments having an aspect ratio of about 5 or less. In some embodiments, the glass article exhibits an equibiaxial flexural strength of about 20 kgf or greater, after being abraded with 90-grit SiC particles at a pressure of 25 psi for 5 seconds. Devices incorporating the glass articles described herein and methods for making the same are also disclosed.

A heating body includes: a substrate; a heating layer arranged on the substrate; and a protruding structure layer arranged on the heating layer. The protruding structure layer includes a plurality of protruding units arranged on the heating layer at intervals or the protruding structure layer has a grid shape. In an embodiment, the heating body further includes: an insulating and heat-conducting layer arranged between the protruding structure layer and the heating layer.

A heating body includes: a substrate; a heating layer arranged on the substrate; and a protruding structure layer arranged on the heating layer. The protruding structure layer includes a plurality of protruding units arranged on the heating layer at intervals or the protruding structure layer has a grid shape. In an embodiment, the heating body further includes: an insulating and heat-conducting layer arranged between the protruding structure layer and the heating layer.

A thermally tempered aluminosilicate glass-ceramic composition includes a crystalline phase and a residual glass phase, wherein the two phases form a system wherein the thermal expansion curve of the system has two distinct sections diverging from an inflection point temperature in the range of about 450° C. to about 600° C., and wherein the difference between coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass-ceramic below and above the inflection point is greater than about 4 ppm/° C.

A method of making a glass product includes the steps of: melting a batch of a plurality of glass raw materials in a melting tank to form a glass melt; heating at least one of the plurality of glass raw materials and the glass melt using at least one fuel burner by reacting hydrogen and oxygen; withdrawing the glass melt from the melting tank; obtaining a glass product, the glass product having an Fe.sup.2+ to Fe.sup.3+ ratio of less than 0.2 or less than 0.05 and having at least one of less than 80 bubbles in a size range of from 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm per 10 kg of glass and less than 2 bubbles of a size larger than 0.2 mm per 10 kg of a glass.