Provided are surface-treated infrared-absorbing fine particles that are infrared-absorbing fine particles each having a crystallite size greater than or equal to 30 nm and a surface that is coated with a coating layer that contains at least one selected from a hydrolysis product of a metal chelate compound, a polymer of the hydrolysis product of the metal chelate compound, a hydrolysis product of a metal cyclic oligomer compound, and a polymer of the hydrolysis product of the metal cyclic oligomer compound.

The present disclosure provides a member having a porous layer containing particles and having a low refractive index and high film strength and a coating liquid for forming a porous layer containing particles, wherein the porous layer contains a plurality of silicon oxide particles bound by an inorganic binder and at least one acid.

Glass elements are provided that include a coating and a sheet-like glass substrate. The sheet-like glass substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The coating is disposed in at least some areas of at least one of the first and second surfaces. The coating is an inorganic glass-based coating that includes at least one glassy component; at least one pigment comprising pigment particles; and a filler. The filler is inorganic and includes filler particles with a d.sub.50 value, based on an equivalent diameter, of at least 0.1 μm and less than 10 μm.

Methods for manufacturing and/or reinforcing a carbon-containing glass material are disclosed. The method includes supplying a non-thermal equilibrium plasma including a plurality of positive charged gas particles and a plurality of ionized inert gas particles into a reaction chamber, and accelerating at least the plurality of positive charged gas particles through the reaction chamber based on application of an external electric potential to the non-thermal equilibrium plasma. The method includes bombarding a surface-to-air interface of the glass material with the accelerated positive charged gas particles and the ionized inert gas particles, and forming an interphase region in the glass material in response to the bombardment. The method includes forming a compressive stress layer in the glass material in response to the bombardment by at least the ionized inert gas particles. The compressive stress layer may be disposed between the interphase region and the surface-to-air interface of the carbon-containing glass material.

In some implementations, a carbon-containing glass material includes a surface-to-air interface and an interphase region extending from the surface-to-air interface along a direction to a depth within the carbon-containing glass material. The surface-to-air interface may be exposed to ambient air, and the interphase region may include a plurality of few layer graphene (FLG) nanoplatelets formed in response to recombination and/or self-nucleation of a plurality of carbon-containing radicals implanted within the interphase region. The FLG nanoplatelets have a non-periodic orientation configured to at least partially inhibit formation or propagation of microcracks and/or micro-voids in the carbon-containing glass material. The glass material may also include a compressive stress layer disposed between the interphase region and the surface-to-air interface of the carbon-containing glass material, the compressive stress layer induced by ion bombardment of the carbon-containing glass material by a plurality of ionized inert gas particles.

Methods for manufacturing a carbon-containing glass material are disclosed. The method includes flowing a hydrocarbon gas and silane into a reactor, and providing an additive to the reactor. The method includes generating a non-thermal equilibrium plasma based on excitement of the hydrocarbon gas and the silane by a microwave energy, where the non-thermal equilibrium plasma includes a plurality of methyl radicals. The method includes ion-bombarding the glass material with at least the methyl radicals to create an interphase region. The method includes forming a plurality of FLG nanoplatelets within the interphase region based on recombination or self-nucleation of the methyl radicals. The FLG nanoplatelets may be dispersed throughout the interphase region in a non-periodic orientation that at least partially inhibits formation of cracks in the glass material. The method includes doping surfaces of the FLG nanoplatelets with the additive, and intercalating the additive between adjacent graphene layers within the FLG nanoplatelets formed in the glass material.

Provided is an ultraviolet absorption glass comprising: a glass substrate, and an ultraviolet absorption coating arranged on at least one surface of the glass substrate, wherein the ultraviolet absorption coating comprises silicon dioxide, an ultraviolet absorber, and MOz used for storing and releasing electrons excited by ultraviolet light in the ultraviolet absorber. The ultraviolet absorption glass is low cost and has good resistance to discoloration and devitrification.

A multi-layer glass phosphor powder sheet and its preparation method, and a light-emitting device. The preparation method for the multi-layer glass phosphor powder sheet includes: mixing a first optical functional material, a glass powder and an organic carrier to obtain a first slurry, and mixing a second optical functional material, the glass powder and the organic carriers to obtain a second slurry; coating the first slurry on a first substrate, and drying it at a first temperature so that at least some of the organic carrier is volatilized, to obtain a first functional layer, the first temperature being lower than a softening point of the glass powder; coating the second slurry on the surface of the first functional layer, to obtain a second functional layer; and sintering the first substrate on which the functional layers are coated at a second temperature, to obtain the multi-layer glass phosphor powder sheet.

A method including digital printing a heat curable aqueous composition onto a substrate, wherein the composition includes: (a) at least one water soluble synthetic alkali metal silicate; and (b)(i) at least one pigment or (b)(ii) at least one additive selected from aluminum oxide, ceramic microspheres, recycled ground glass, or calcium carbonate; wherein the composition is substantially free of any organic solvent; and heating the composition bearing substrate thereby curing the composition, and wherein the substrate includes a material selected from glass, ceramic, textile, polymeric, metal, wood, or a combination thereof.

A coated glass substrate is disclosed. The coated glass substrate includes a coating containing at least one metal oxide containing a zinc oxide. The zinc of the zinc oxide is present in an amount of from 5 wt. % to 50 wt. % as determined according to XPS. The coated glass substrate has area surface roughness Sa or Sq of from about 5 nm to about 1,500 nm as determined via atomic force microscopy.