The present disclosure provides a composition through which a laminate which is aesthetically excellent is formed by exhibiting a blue-based color, which is a general window color, and through which a laminate having high visible light transmittance and an excellent thermochromic property is formed while enabling mass production, and the present disclosure further provides a laminate formed through the above composition and a window including the laminate.

An article includes a glass substrate comprising two main faces defining two main surfaces separated by edges, the substrate bearing a functional coating deposited on at least one portion of a main surface and a temporary protective layer deposited on at least one portion of the functional coating having a thickness of at least 1 micrometer, wherein the temporary protective layer includes an organic polymer matrix and infrared-absorbing materials.

A polarizing plate and an optical display including the same are provided. A polarizing plate includes a display region and a non-display region surrounding the display region and includes: a polarizer; and a bonding layer, a first polarizer protective film, and a functional coating layer sequentially stacked on a surface of the polarizer. The bonding layer includes a printed layer therein to correspond to the non-display region. The polarizing plate has a haze of about 0.1% to about 5% as measured on the functional coating layer and a reflectance difference of about 2.4% or less between the display region and the non-display region, or the polarizing plate has a haze of about 20% to about 40% as measured on the functional coating layer and a reflectance difference of about 1.5% or less between the display region and the non-display region.

Methods of manufacturing a curved cover window of the disclosure prevent or reduce damage to a window substrate of the curved cover window. Methods include manufacturing methods in which a hard coating layer is formed on a window substrate, and optionally molding the window substrate on which the coating layer is formed in a manner as to minimize or reduce breaking or damage to the window substrate. By using a hard coating layer which is harder than the window substrate and which may include a first polycarbonate layer, a second polymethyl methacrylate layer, and polysilsesquioxane; and thermally molding the window substrate and hard coating layer at a temperature of about 120° C. to about 130° C. and for about three minutes to about five minutes; rupture of the window substrate during the molding process can be reduced.

An electronic device may include electrical components and other components mounted within a housing. The device may have a display on a front face of the device and may have a glass layer that forms part of the housing on a rear face of the device. The glass layer and other glass structures in the electronic device may be provided with coatings. An interior coating on a glass layer may include multiple layers of material such as an adhesion promotion layer, thin-film layers of materials such as silicon, niobium oxide and other metal oxides, and metals to help adjust the appearance of the coating. A metal layer may be formed on top of the coating to serve as an environmental protection layer and opacity enhancement layer. In some configurations, the coating may include four layers.

Provided are a resin composition including a coloring material, a resin, and a solvent, in which, in a case where a film having a thickness of 0.60 μm is formed by heating the resin composition at 200° C. for 30 minutes, a rate of change ΔA in an absorbance of the film after performing a heating treatment of the film at 300° C. for 5 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, which is represented by Expression (1), is 50% or less; a film formed of the resin composition; a color filter; a solid-state imaging element; and an image display device. In the following expression, ΔA is the rate of change in the absorbance of the film after the heating treatment, A1 is a maximum value of an absorbance of the film before the heating treatment in a wavelength range of 400 to 1100 nm, and A2 is an absorbance of the film after the heating treatment, and is an absorbance at a wavelength showing the maximum value of the absorbance of the film before the heating treatment in a wavelength range of 400 to 1100 nm.

ΔA=|100−(A2/A1)×100|  (1)

Glass elements are provided that include a coating and a sheet-like glass substrate. The sheet-like glass substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The coating is disposed in at least some areas of at least one of the first and second surfaces. The coating is an inorganic glass-based coating that includes at least one glassy component; at least one pigment comprising pigment particles; and a filler. The filler is inorganic and includes filler particles with a d.sub.50 value, based on an equivalent diameter, of at least 0.1 μm and less than 10 μm.

A final layer of a multi-layer of thin deposit and lacquer layers of a decorative faceted functional stone formed by 10 to 35% of nano/colloidal silica, optionally nano/colloidal alumina, 30 to 50% of encapsulated aluminium flakes in grain size of 15-80 μm, 2 to 10% of Fe3O4 in grain size of 3-50 μm, and 10 to 40% of polyisocyanate-hardened mixture of epoxy and polyether resin, and a method for increasing the opacity and hardness of a multi-layer of thin deposit and lacquer layers of a decorative faceted functional stone by applying this final layer.

A glass, in particular glass-ceramic, article, which is intended in particular to be used with at least one heating element, is formed of at least one substrate, such as a glass-ceramic plate. The substrate is at least partly coated with at least one layer of ink, which is advantageously deposited by inkjet printing. The ink is formed of nanoscale pigments and of at least one silicone binder. The layer of ink is coated with at least one layer of silicone-based paint. The layer of paint advantageously is deposited in the form of a flat tint, in particular by screen printing, and preferably being opacifying.

A printable ink mixture may include: a medium, orthophosphoric acid, at least one metal oxide, and at least one pigment. A method for producing a color print on a glass or ceramic surface may include: producing an ink mixture including a medium, orthophosphoric acid, at least one metal oxide, and at least one pigment, applying the ink mixture to the glass or ceramic surface, removing the medium from the ink mixture, and baking the ink mixture on the glass or ceramic surface to produce the color print.