Disclosed herein are compositions containing branched C.sub.20 2-substituted alpha olefins and processes for making the compositions by dimerization reaction of a C.sub.10 olefin composition.

An oligomerization catalyst, oligomer products, methods for making and using same. The catalyst can include a supported nickel phosphate compound. The catalyst is stable at oligomerization temperatures of 500° C. or higher and particularly useful for making oligomer products containing C4 to C26 olefins having a boiling point in the range of 170° C. to 360° C.

An oligomerization catalyst, oligomer products, methods for making and using same. The catalyst can include a supported nickel phosphate compound. The catalyst is stable at oligomerization temperatures of 500° C. or higher and particularly useful for making oligomer products containing C4 to C26 olefins having a boiling point in the range of 170° C. to 360° C.

An oligomerization catalyst, oligomer products, methods for making and using same. The catalyst can include a supported nickel phosphate compound. The catalyst is stable at oligomerization temperatures of 500° C. or higher and particularly useful for making oligomer products containing C4 to C26 olefins having a boiling point in the range of 170° C. to 360° C.

Catalysts for producing a branched aliphatic alkene are described. The catalyst can include a catalytic alkali metal or alkali metal composite on a mixed metal oxide support that includes a Column 1 metal and at least one of a Column 3 metal, a Column 4 metal or a lanthanide. The catalyst can have less than 50 wt. % of a metal carbonate. Methods of producing branched aliphatic alkenes by contacting the catalyst of the present invention with an aliphatic alpha olefin are also described.

Catalysts for producing a branched aliphatic alkene are described. The catalyst can include a catalytic alkali metal or alkali metal composite on a mixed metal oxide support that includes a Column 1 metal and at least one of a Column 3 metal, a Column 4 metal or a lanthanide. The catalyst can have less than 50 wt. % of a metal carbonate. Methods of producing branched aliphatic alkenes by contacting the catalyst of the present invention with an aliphatic alpha olefin are also described.

Catalysts for producing a branched aliphatic alkene are described. The catalyst can include a catalytic alkali metal or alkali metal composite on a mixed metal oxide support that includes a Column 1 metal and at least one of a Column 3 metal, a Column 4 metal or a lanthanide. The catalyst can have less than 50 wt. % of a metal carbonate. Methods of producing branched aliphatic alkenes by contacting the catalyst of the present invention with an aliphatic alpha olefin are also described.

Provided is a method for producing p-xylene, comprising: a provision step of providing a C4 fraction comprising at least isobutene as a product formed by fluidized catalytic cracking of a heavy oil fraction; a dimerization step of bringing a first raw material comprising the isobutene into contact with a dimerization catalyst to produce a C8 component comprising a dimer of isobutene; and a cyclization step of bringing a second raw material comprising the C8 component with a dehydrogenation catalyst to produce p-xylene through a cyclization/dehydrogenation reaction of the C8 component.

Provided is a method for producing p-xylene, comprising: a provision step of providing a C4 fraction comprising at least isobutene as a product formed by fluidized catalytic cracking of a heavy oil fraction; a dimerization step of bringing a first raw material comprising the isobutene into contact with a dimerization catalyst to produce a C8 component comprising a dimer of isobutene; and a cyclization step of bringing a second raw material comprising the C8 component with a dehydrogenation catalyst to produce p-xylene through a cyclization/dehydrogenation reaction of the C8 component.

A method for producing p-xylene, comprising: a dimerization step of bringing a first raw material comprising isobutene into contact with a dimerization catalyst comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Group 9 metal elements and Group 10 metal elements to generate C8 components comprising 2,5-dimethylhexene; and a cyclization step of bringing a second raw material comprising the C8 components into contact with a dehydrogenation catalyst to generate p-xylene by the cyclodehydrogenation reaction of the C8 components.