Methods of converting a fluorinated vinyl ether to a saturated partially fluorinated ether, the method comprising: reacting the fluorinated vinyl ether with an amine, ammonia, or combination thereof to form the saturated partially fluorinated ether.

This disclosure relates generally to fluorinated ether compounds and the synthesis thereof. More particularly, this disclosure relates to fluorinated ether based thermal management fluids suitable for use managing heat in battery systems through direct cooling, such as lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles, electric motors, and power electronics, methods of using such thermal management fluids, and systems including such thermal management systems.

Methods for total chemical synthesis of Resolvin E1 (RvE1) include Wittig reaction of two compounds having hydroxyl protecting group in the presence of a strong base, removal of the hydroxyl-protecting groups with a deprotecting reagent to produce a compound having an ester group, and hydrolysis of the ester group to obtain RvE1

Described herein is method of making a halogenated partially fluorinated compound, comprising: (a) providing a compound having the following structure of formula (I): R.sub.fCFCXY wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; wherein R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms; (b) contacting the compound with at least one of (i) an iodine or bromine containing salt in the presence of an acid; and (ii) aqueous solution of HZ wherein Z is selected from I and Br to form the halogenated partially fluorinated compound of the formula (II): R.sub.fCFHCXYZ wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; Z is selected from I and Br; and R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Described herein is method of making a halogenated partially fluorinated compound, comprising: (a) providing a compound having the following structure of formula (I): R.sub.fCFCXY wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; wherein R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms; (b) contacting the compound with at least one of (i) an iodine or bromine containing salt in the presence of an acid; and (ii) aqueous solution of HZ wherein Z is selected from I and Br to form the halogenated partially fluorinated compound of the formula (II): R.sub.fCFHCXYZ wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; Z is selected from I and Br; and R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a fluorine-containing compound which is easily stabilized without irradiation of ultraviolet light, by efficiently converting a CI bond in an iodine-containing compound having a group represented by CFRfI (wherein Rf is a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group) to a CH bond. A method for producing a fluorine-containing compound having an iodine atom content reduced than the following iodine-containing compound, which comprises subjecting an iodine-containing compound having a group represented by CFRfI (wherein Rf is a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group) to deiodinating treatment in the presence of an organic peroxide and a hydrogen-containing compound having a group represented by CHR.sup.1CHR.sup.2CHR.sup.3 (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group).

The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a fluorine-containing compound which is easily stabilized without irradiation of ultraviolet light, by efficiently converting a CI bond in an iodine-containing compound having a group represented by CFRfI (wherein Rf is a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group) to a CH bond. A method for producing a fluorine-containing compound having an iodine atom content reduced than the following iodine-containing compound, which comprises subjecting an iodine-containing compound having a group represented by CFRfI (wherein Rf is a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group) to deiodinating treatment in the presence of an organic peroxide and a hydrogen-containing compound having a group represented by CHR.sup.1CHR.sup.2CHR.sup.3 (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group).

Methods, systems, and assemblies for cooling an electronic component are disclosed. A heat sink assembly includes first and second substrates. The first substrate is in thermal contact with the electronic component. A primary channel is formed in the second surface of the first substrate. The primary channel is configured to direct cooling fluid for cooling the electronic component. An array of primary cooling fluid fins is positioned within the primary channel. The array of primary cooling fluid fins includes upstream solid fins and downstream open fins each having an upstream opening and downstream sidewalls. The secondary channel is formed within the second surface of the second substrate and is configured to direct partially heated cooling fluid away from the electronic component. An array of secondary cooling fluid fins is positioned within the secondary channel downstream. An enclosing layer seals the secondary channel.

Provided is a fluorinated ether compound capable of imparting excellent antifouling properties such as oil-based ink repellency, fingerprint stain removability, to a hard coating layer; a composition for forming a hard coating layer, and an article having an antifouling hard coating layer formed from the composition. The fluorinated ether compound has either a poly(oxyperfluoroalkylene) chain having a repeated unit that includes a C.sub.1-2 oxyperfluoroalkylene group and a C.sub.3-6 oxyperfluoroalkylene group, bonded to each other, or a poly(oxyperfluoroalkylene) chain having a repeated unit that contains a C.sub.4 oxyperfluoroalkylene group and a different oxyperfluoroalkylene group, bonded to each other, a linking group bonded to a first terminal of the poly(oxyperfluoroalkylene) chain, and at least one (meth)acryloyl group bonded to the linking group.

A nonaqueous electrolyte solution including a hydrofluoroether compound represented by the following formula (1):

[Formula 1]

CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CF.sub.2OCHFCF.sub.2OR.sup.1(1)

wherein R.sup.1 represents a difluoromethyl group, a 2,2-difluoroethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, a 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group, a 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl group, a 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutyl group, a 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorobutyl group, or a 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl group.