The invention provides branched trialkylamine oxides with improved properties. The trialkylamine oxides of the invention produced from branched trialkylamines, in one embodiment, can be made using certain branched C10-12 enals and aldehydes. The invention also provides an trialkylamine oxide having the formula: ##STR00001##
wherein R5, R6 and R7 are independently at least one of C3H7, C2H5, CH3, or H, or mixtures thereof; and wherein R5 and R6 are not H at the same time. In one embodiment, the trialkylamine oxides of the invention can be useful in making various products, for example, as surfactants.

The invention provides branched trialkylamine oxides with improved properties. The trialkylamine oxides of the invention produced from branched trialkylamines, in one embodiment, can be made using certain branched C10-12 enals and aldehydes. The invention also provides an trialkylamine oxide having the formula: ##STR00001##
wherein R5, R6 and R7 are independently at least one of C3H7, C2H5, CH3, or H, or mixtures thereof; and wherein R5 and R6 are not H at the same time. In one embodiment, the trialkylamine oxides of the invention can be useful in making various products, for example, as surfactants.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing frambione, comprising a step of condensing phenol and glyoxylic acid.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing frambione, comprising a step of condensing phenol and glyoxylic acid.

The invention relates to new compounds of formulae (IV) and (VII): (IV) (VII) wherein X represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine and R is a hydrocarbyl radical, said compounds being useful as precursors and/or intermediates for the preparation of 4,4dihalobenzophenones of formula (I): (I) wherein X is as defined above.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to new compounds of formulae (IV) and (VII): (IV) (VII) wherein X represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine and R is a hydrocarbyl radical, said compounds being useful as precursors and/or intermediates for the preparation of 4,4dihalobenzophenones of formula (I): (I) wherein X is as defined above.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to new compounds of formulae (IV) and (VII): (IV) (VII) wherein X represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine and R is a hydrocarbyl radical, said compounds being useful as precursors and/or intermediates for the preparation of 4,4dihalobenzophenones of formula (I): (I) wherein X is as defined above.

##STR00001##

The present invention aims to provide a method for preparing an aldehyde, which can prepare a target aldehyde with high selectivity and can also suppress the production of by-products. The present invention relates to a method for preparing an ,-unsaturated aldehyde. The method includes a step of reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) to provide an ,-unsaturated aldehyde of formula (III). An alkali metal hydroxide and an alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are used in the step. The amount of the alkali metal hydroxide is 8 mol % or more and 12 mol % or less with respect to the compound of formula (I). The total amount of water contained in materials that are used in the reaction is 10 mol % or more and 50 mol % or less with respect to the compound of formula (I).

##STR00001##

The present invention aims to provide a method for preparing an aldehyde, which can prepare a target aldehyde with high selectivity and can also suppress the production of by-products. The present invention relates to a method for preparing an ,-unsaturated aldehyde. The method includes a step of reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) to provide an ,-unsaturated aldehyde of formula (III). An alkali metal hydroxide and an alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are used in the step. The amount of the alkali metal hydroxide is 8 mol % or more and 12 mol % or less with respect to the compound of formula (I). The total amount of water contained in materials that are used in the reaction is 10 mol % or more and 50 mol % or less with respect to the compound of formula (I).

##STR00001##

The present invention aims to provide a method for preparing an aldehyde, which can prepare a target aldehyde with high selectivity and can also suppress the production of by-products. The present invention relates to a method for preparing an ,-unsaturated aldehyde. The method includes a step of reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) to provide an ,-unsaturated aldehyde of formula (III). An alkali metal hydroxide and an alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are used in the step. The amount of the alkali metal hydroxide is 8 mol % or more and 12 mol % or less with respect to the compound of formula (I). The total amount of water contained in materials that are used in the reaction is 10 mol % or more and 50 mol % or less with respect to the compound of formula (I).

##STR00001##