Precipitation promoters, which are an organic compound having one or more linear aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having not less than 10 carbon atoms, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon group has not less than 20 carbon atoms in total are useful for precipitating an organic compound protected by an organic group having one or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having not less than 10 carbon atoms from a solvent.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising alkene benzenes or alkene benzene sulfonates or alkylbenzenes or alkylbenzene sulfonates; methods for making alkene benzenes or alkene benzene sulfonates or alkylbenzenes or alkylbenzene sulfonates; where the benzene ring is optionally substituted with one or more groups designated R*, where R* is defined herein. More particularly, the present invention relates to compositions comprising 2-phenyl linear alkene benzenes or 2-phenyl linear alkene benzene sulfonates or 2-phenyl linear alkylbenzenes or 2-phenyl linear alkylbenzene sulfonates; methods for making 2-phenyl alkene benzenes or 2-phenyl alkene benzene sulfonates or 2-phenyl alkylbenzenes or 2-phenyl alkylbenzene sulfonates; where the benzene ring is optionally substituted with one or more groups designated R*, where R* is defined herein. This invention also relates to compositions, methods of making, use of, and articles of manufacture comprising 2-ethoxylated hydroxymethylphenyl linear alkyl benzenes. This invention also relates to compositions, methods of making, use of, and articles of manufacture comprising 2-propoxylated hydroxymethylphenyl linear alkyl benzenes.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising alkene benzenes or alkene benzene sulfonates or alkylbenzenes or alkylbenzene sulfonates; methods for making alkene benzenes or alkene benzene sulfonates or alkylbenzenes or alkylbenzene sulfonates; where the benzene ring is optionally substituted with one or more groups designated R*, where R* is defined herein. More particularly, the present invention relates to compositions comprising 2-phenyl linear alkene benzenes or 2-phenyl linear alkene benzene sulfonates or 2-phenyl linear alkylbenzenes or 2-phenyl linear alkylbenzene sulfonates; methods for making 2-phenyl alkene benzenes or 2-phenyl alkene benzene sulfonates or 2-phenyl alkylbenzenes or 2-phenyl alkylbenzene sulfonates; where the benzene ring is optionally substituted with one or more groups designated R*, where R* is defined herein. This invention also relates to compositions, methods of making, use of, and articles of manufacture comprising 2-ethoxylated hydroxymethylphenyl linear alkyl benzenes. This invention also relates to compositions, methods of making, use of, and articles of manufacture comprising 2-propoxylated hydroxymethylphenyl linear alkyl benzenes.

The present application relates to compounds and methods for reducing the severity of convulsant activity or epileptic seizures, or for the treatment of chronic or acute pain.

The present application relates to compounds and methods for reducing the severity of convulsant activity or epileptic seizures, or for the treatment of chronic or acute pain.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for metathesizing a first alkenyl or alkynyl group with a second alkenyl or alkynyl group, the composition comprising a ruthenium metathesis catalyst and a photoredox catalyst that is activated by visible light.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for metathesizing a first alkenyl or alkynyl group with a second alkenyl or alkynyl group, the composition comprising a ruthenium metathesis catalyst and a photoredox catalyst that is activated by visible light.

There is provided an α-carbonyl alkenyl ester and a preparation method therefor, and the α-carbonyl alkenyl ester is further used to react with a primary or secondary amine to prepare an amide. The two reactions are combined to develop an amide bond and peptide bond formation method that directly use carboxylic acids and amines as starting materials and allenones as a condensing reagent. The α-carbonyl alkenyl ester corresponding to an α-amino acid serves as a peptide synthesis building block and is used in solid phase peptide synthesis. The method is carried out under mild reaction conditions, simple to operate, and has a high yield. Compared with existing amide bond condensation reagents, the allenones have the advantages of being simple to prepare, having good stability, a low molecular weight, not racemizing when activating α-chiral carboxylic acids, and is a novel amide bond and peptide bond condensing reagent.

The present disclosure discloses salts formed by 2-(1-acyloxy-n-pentyl)benzoic acid and basic amino acid or aminoguanidine, a preparation method thereof, pharmaceutical preparations containing these salts, and application thereof in preparation of drugs for preventing or treating ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, resisting thrombosis and improving cardio-cerebral circulation disorders. The compound of the present disclosure has excellent water solubility, aqueous solution stability and pharmacokinetic properties, also has significant anti-platelet aggregation, anti-thrombosis, anti-cerebral ischemia and neuroprotective activity. The compound of the present disclosure has significantly better effects than those of (S)-butylphthalide and potassium (R/S)-2-(1-hydroxy-n-pentyl) benzoate (PHPB), has significantly lower acute toxicity to mice by intravenous injection than that of butylphthalide and PHPB, has a lower inhibition rate of the hERG potassium channel in CHO-hERG cells than that of (S)-butylphthalide, and has a negative result in Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (Ames test).

A macromolecules containing a metal and a use thereof as a catalyst are disclosed. The macromolecules containing a metal may be obtained by causing a ligand to react with a zinc compound or a cobalt compound. The ligand has an imidazole group that is bonded to a macromolecule via a linker. The metal-containing macromolecules are highly active as a catalyst, stable, and easy to recover and reuse.