The present invention relates to a system and process for preparing aromatics from syngases, which has advantages of shortened flow process and reduced investment. The process comprises reforming the liquefied gas, separated dry gas with a water steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which return, as raw materials, to the aromatization system, so that the problem of by-product utilization is solved, and the syngas unit consumption per ton of aromatic products is reduced. The problem of utilization of a dry gas as a by-product is also solved in the present invention from the perspective of recycling economy, which reduces the water consumption in the process, and conforms to the concept of green chemistry.

Methods and corresponding catalysts are provided for conversion of an aromatic feed containing C.sub.8+ aromatics (particularly C.sub.9+ aromatics) to form a converted product mixture comprising, e.g., benzene and/or xylenes. The aromatic feed can be converted in the presence of a catalyst that includes a silica binder, a mixture of a first zeolite having an MEL framework (such as ZSM-11 and/or an MFI framework (such as ZSM-5), and a second zeolite having an MOR framework, such as mordenite, particularly a mordenite synthesized using TEA or MTEA as a structure directing agent, and a metal. The catalyst can further include one or more metals supported on the catalyst.

A method for converting a diol in solution to an olefin fraction, the method comprising: (i) reacting a diol of the formula HO—R—OH in solution with a carbonyl-containing molecule of the formula:

##STR00001##

in the presence of an acid catalyst to result in a dioxolane molecule of the formula:

##STR00002##

wherein R is a hydrocarbon linker containing 1-12 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups containing 1-12 carbon atoms, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 optionally interconnect; (ii) removing the dioxolane molecule from the solution by phase separation; and (iii) contacting the dioxolane molecule with a metal-loaded zeolite at a temperature of 100-500° C. to convert the dioxolane molecule to an olefin fraction.

A catalyst for converting hydrocarbon, a method of making the same, and a method of using the same are provided. Such a catalyst includes a zeotype microporous material, a binder material, and a metal phosphide, which can be in a range of from 0.01% to 10% by weight of a total weight of the catalyst. For example, such a catalyst can be used to convert light alkene or alkane into aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene, xylenes, and a combination thereof. The alkene may be ethylene, propylene, butylene, or a combination thereof. The alkene may be supplied directly or from a stream converted from light alkane such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, or a combination thereof.

A catalyst composition comprising (a) carrier comprising (i) 5 to 95 wt % mordenite type zeolite having a mean crystallite length parallel to the direction of the 12-ring channels of 60 nm or less and a mesopore volume of at least 0.10 cc/gram, (ii) 5 to 95 wt % ZSM-5 type zeolite; and (iii) 10 to 60 wt % inorganic binder; and (b) 0.001 to 10 wt % of one or more catalytically active metals, wherein the inorganic binder comprises titania, its preparation and its use in alkylaromatic conversion.

A method for directly preparing p-xylene from synthetic gas and aromatic hydrocarbon. The method includes contacting the feedstock containing synthetic gas and aromatic hydrocarbon excluding p-xylene with the catalyst in the reaction zone under reaction conditions sufficient to convert at least part of the feedstock to obtain a reaction effluent containing p-xylene; and separating p-xylene from the reaction effluent, where the catalyst includes a highly dispersed metal oxide material confined by an inert carrier, an acidic molecular sieve, and optionally at least one of graphite powder and dispersant, where in the highly dispersed metal oxide material confined by the inert carrier, the inert carrier is at least one of silicon oxide and alumina, and the content of the metal oxide in terms of metal is less than or equal to 10% by mass calculated based on the weight of the highly dispersed metal oxide material confined by the inert carrier.

A method for converting a diol in solution to an olefin fraction, the method comprising: (i) reacting a diol of the formula HO—R—OH in solution with a carbonyl-containing molecule of the formula: ##STR00001##
in the presence of an acid catalyst to result in a dioxolane molecule of the formula: ##STR00002##
wherein R is a hydrocarbon linker containing 1-12 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups containing 1-12 carbon atoms, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 optionally interconnect; (ii) removing the dioxolane molecule from the solution by phase separation; and (iii) contacting the dioxolane molecule with a metal-loaded zeolite at a temperature of 100-500° C. to convert the dioxolane molecule to an olefin fraction.

The invention includes a fluid catalytic cracking process that comprises reacting a hydrocarbon feedstock under catalytic cracking conditions in the presence of a FCC catalyst and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a ZSM-5 molecular sieve having iron in the framework, wherein the process increases production of propylene compared to a process without using the additive. The invention also includes an additive for maximizing production of olefins, which comprises a ZSM-5 molecular sieve having iron in the framework.

The present invention is concerned with a catalyst for the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene comprising a component A selected from the list consisting of zeolite, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, or any combination thereof; and a component B.sub.cat comprising a mixed metal oxide, a catalyst precursor for the preparation of a catalyst for the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene comprising a component A selected from the list consisting of zeolite, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, or any combination thereof; and a component B.sub.pre comprising a layered double hydroxide (LDH) as well as a process for the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene, in which said catalyst is used.

The invention includes a fluid catalytic cracking process that comprises reacting a hydrocarbon feedstock under catalytic cracking conditions in the presence of a FCC catalyst and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a ZSM-5 molecular sieve having iron in the framework, wherein the process increases production of propylene compared to a process without using the additive. The invention also includes an additive for maximizing production of olefins, which comprises a ZSM-5 molecular sieve having iron in the framework.