Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all N-oxides, stereoisomers, and salts thereof, ##STR00001##
wherein Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, Y, J and R.sup.7 are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

Compounds exhibiting antiviral activity and/or inhibition of viral replication against viruses, particularly those belonging to the picornavirus-like supercluster, including coronavirus having a formula: (I) where X comprises a cyclic moiety, R.sub.2 is a branched or unbranched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino acid side chain, bicyclic or tricyclic side chain, combinations, and substituted forms thereof, and Z is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydroxyalkyl, aldehydes, alpha-ketoamides, and bisulfite salts, and in particular —CH.sub.2OH, —CHO, —CH(0H)S0.sub.3.sup.−Na.sup.+, and -[0(C=0)R.sub.w]S0.sub.3.sup.−Na.sup.+.

Compounds exhibiting antiviral activity and/or inhibition of viral replication against viruses, particularly those belonging to the picornavirus-like supercluster, including coronavirus having a formula: (I) where X comprises a cyclic moiety, R.sub.2 is a branched or unbranched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino acid side chain, bicyclic or tricyclic side chain, combinations, and substituted forms thereof, and Z is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydroxyalkyl, aldehydes, alpha-ketoamides, and bisulfite salts, and in particular —CH.sub.2OH, —CHO, —CH(0H)S0.sub.3.sup.−Na.sup.+, and -[0(C=0)R.sub.w]S0.sub.3.sup.−Na.sup.+.

Compositions and methods for repelling arthropods. The compositions include a carrier and an arthropod repelling compound, which can be a compound discovered by a novel and complex cheminformatic process to demonstrate repellency behavior across a broad spectrum of arthropods. The compound can be a thiane compound, a pyrrolidone compound, a cyclohexadiene compound, a cyclohexenone compound, a cyclohexene compound, a furanone compound, a pyran compound, a tetrahydropyran compound, a thiazolidine compound, a thiazoline compound, a dihydrothiophene compound, a dithiolane compound, a dithiane compound, an epoxide compound, an oxathiane compound, a cyclopentene compound, a cyclohexane compound, a quinoline compound, an oxazoline compound, a tetrahydropyridine compound, and an imidazolidinone compound, or a combination thereof.

Compositions and methods for repelling arthropods. The compositions include a carrier and an arthropod repelling compound, which can be a compound discovered by a novel and complex cheminformatic process to demonstrate repellency behavior across a broad spectrum of arthropods. The compound can be a thiane compound, a pyrrolidone compound, a cyclohexadiene compound, a cyclohexenone compound, a cyclohexene compound, a furanone compound, a pyran compound, a tetrahydropyran compound, a thiazolidine compound, a thiazoline compound, a dihydrothiophene compound, a dithiolane compound, a dithiane compound, an epoxide compound, an oxathiane compound, a cyclopentene compound, a cyclohexane compound, a quinoline compound, an oxazoline compound, a tetrahydropyridine compound, and an imidazolidinone compound, or a combination thereof.

The present disclosure generally relates to compounds useful as immunomodulators. Provided herein are compounds, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of their use. The disclosure further pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound according to the disclosure that are useful for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases.

The present disclosure generally relates to compounds useful as immunomodulators. Provided herein are compounds, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of their use. The disclosure further pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound according to the disclosure that are useful for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases.

The disclosure provides compounds, such as compounds of Formula II, with warheads and their use in treating medical diseases or disorders, such as viral infections. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of making various compounds with warheads are provided. The compounds are contemplated to inhibit proteases, such as the 3C, CL- or 3CL-like protease.

##STR00001##

The disclosure provides compounds, such as compounds of Formula II, with warheads and their use in treating medical diseases or disorders, such as viral infections. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of making various compounds with warheads are provided. The compounds are contemplated to inhibit proteases, such as the 3C, CL- or 3CL-like protease.

##STR00001##

Provided is a method for purifying waste N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, the method comprising the steps of: reacting the waste N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone containing an amine compound with an acid anhydride; converting the amine compound into an amide compound; and removing the amide compound by distillation, thereby manufacturing high-purity N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone that can be reused.