The present invention provides mito-metformin compounds, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of using the mito-metformin compounds in the treatment of cancer.

A biocompatible composite material for controlled release is disclosed, comprising a biocompatible metal oxide structure with a loaded network of pores. The pore network of the biocompatible composite material is filled with a uniformly distributed biologically active micellizing amphiphilic molecule, the size of these pores ranging from about 0.5 to about 100 nanometers. The material is characterized in that when exposed to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), the controlled release of the active amphiphilic molecule is predominantly diffusion-driven over time.

A biocompatible composite material for controlled release is disclosed, comprising a biocompatible metal oxide structure with a loaded network of pores. The pore network of the biocompatible composite material is filled with a uniformly distributed biologically active micellizing amphiphilic molecule, the size of these pores ranging from about 0.5 to about 100 nanometers. The material is characterized in that when exposed to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), the controlled release of the active amphiphilic molecule is predominantly diffusion-driven over time.

Provided herein is a process for preparing triaryl organoborates of the formula 1/n K.sup.n+R.sub.3.sup.4B.sup.−—R.sup.1 (IV), where one equivalent of organoboronic ester of the formula B—R.sup.1(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3) (I) is initially charged together with 1/n equivalents of salt K.sup.n+ nX.sup.− (II) and 3 equivalents of metal M in a solvent or a solvent mixture S1, 3 equivalents of a haloaromatic R.sup.4—Y (III) are added, an auxiliary L and optionally a second organic solvent or solvent mixture S2 is added and the compound 1/n K.sup.n+ R.sub.3.sup.4B.sup.−—R.sup.1 (IV) is separated off with the organic phase, and to the use of these substances as co-initiator in photopolymer formulations.

Provided herein is a process for preparing triaryl organoborates of the formula 1/n K.sup.n+R.sub.3.sup.4B.sup.−—R.sup.1 (IV), where one equivalent of organoboronic ester of the formula B—R.sup.1(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3) (I) is initially charged together with 1/n equivalents of salt K.sup.n+ nX.sup.− (II) and 3 equivalents of metal M in a solvent or a solvent mixture S1, 3 equivalents of a haloaromatic R.sup.4—Y (III) are added, an auxiliary L and optionally a second organic solvent or solvent mixture S2 is added and the compound 1/n K.sup.n+ R.sub.3.sup.4B.sup.−—R.sup.1 (IV) is separated off with the organic phase, and to the use of these substances as co-initiator in photopolymer formulations.

A process for the production of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts or hydroxides is disclosed. The process comprises a continuous hydrogenation step, in which an unsaturated heterocyclic amine is reacted with hydrogen to form a saturated heterocyclic amine; a first continuous N-alkylation step, in which the saturated heterocyclic amine is alkylated to produce an intermediate saturated heterocyclic amine having an increased degree of substitution compared to the saturated heterocyclic amine; and one or more further N-alkylation steps in which the intermediate saturated heterocyclic amine is N-alkylated to the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt or hydroxide. A process of producing a saturated heterocyclic amine is also disclosed. The process comprises reacting an unsaturated heterocyclic amine with hydrogen in a vapour phase reaction at a pressure of not more than 70 bar and a temperature in the range of from 150° C. to 350° C. A process of N-alkylating a saturated heterocyclic amine is also disclosed. The process comprises N-alkylating the saturated heterocyclic amine in a vapour phase reaction at a temperature of at least 2° C.

A process for the production of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts or hydroxides is disclosed. The process comprises a continuous hydrogenation step, in which an unsaturated heterocyclic amine is reacted with hydrogen to form a saturated heterocyclic amine; a first continuous N-alkylation step, in which the saturated heterocyclic amine is alkylated to produce an intermediate saturated heterocyclic amine having an increased degree of substitution compared to the saturated heterocyclic amine; and one or more further N-alkylation steps in which the intermediate saturated heterocyclic amine is N-alkylated to the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt or hydroxide. A process of producing a saturated heterocyclic amine is also disclosed. The process comprises reacting an unsaturated heterocyclic amine with hydrogen in a vapour phase reaction at a pressure of not more than 70 bar and a temperature in the range of from 150° C. to 350° C. A process of N-alkylating a saturated heterocyclic amine is also disclosed. The process comprises N-alkylating the saturated heterocyclic amine in a vapour phase reaction at a temperature of at least 2° C.

The invention relates to a process for preparing triaryl organo borates proceeding from organoboronic esters in the presence of an n-valent cation 1/n K.sup.n+, comprising the anhydrous workup of the reaction mixture and the use of the triaryl organoborates obtained as co-initiator in photopolymer formulations, holographic media and holograms.

The invention relates to a process for preparing triaryl organo borates proceeding from organoboronic esters in the presence of an n-valent cation 1/n K.sup.n+, comprising the anhydrous workup of the reaction mixture and the use of the triaryl organoborates obtained as co-initiator in photopolymer formulations, holographic media and holograms.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a compound that can be used as a supramolecular sensor for determining the presence of analytes (e.g., illicit drugs), and for identifying and/or quantifying the analytes. Also disclosed herein is a parallel synthesis method for making compound embodiments, as well as method embodiments for using the compound embodiments. Array embodiments comprising one or more compound embodiments disclosed herein also are described.