Provided are organic compounds including a structure of formula (I). Also provided are mixtures containing the organic compounds. Further provided are organic electronic devices containing the organic compounds or mixtures.

The present invention relates to electrochromic devices and compositions, which include a cathodic component that includes cathodic zwitterions, where an anion is covalently bonded by a divalent linking group to a pyridinium nitrogen of the cathodic component. Each covalently bonded anion is independently represented by the following Formula (III) or Formula (IV):

##STR00001##

With reference to Formula (III) and Formula (IV), R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are in each case independently selected from divalent linear or branched alkane linking group, and for Formula (IV), R.sup.8 is selected from fluorine, linear or branched fluorinated alkyl, or linear or branched perfluorinated alkyl.

The present invention relates to electrochromic devices and compositions, which include a cathodic component that includes cathodic zwitterions, where an anion is covalently bonded by a divalent linking group to a pyridinium nitrogen of the cathodic component. Each covalently bonded anion is independently represented by the following Formula (III) or Formula (IV):

##STR00001##

With reference to Formula (III) and Formula (IV), R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are in each case independently selected from divalent linear or branched alkane linking group, and for Formula (IV), R.sup.8 is selected from fluorine, linear or branched fluorinated alkyl, or linear or branched perfluorinated alkyl.

A light-emitting device with low driving voltage and favorable reliability is provided. The light-emitting device includes an electron-injection layer between a cathode and a light-emitting layer. The electron-injection layer is a mixed film of a metal and an organic compound having a function of interacting with the metal as a tridentate or tetradentate ligand, and the metal atom and the organic compound form SOMO.

An organic electroluminescent device, which has a pair of electrodes and at least one organic layer including a luminescent layer between the pair of electrodes, wherein at least one layer between the pair of electrodes comprises at least one metal complex having a tridentate- or higher polydentate-chain structure ligand.

An organic electroluminescent device, which has a pair of electrodes and at least one organic layer including a luminescent layer between the pair of electrodes, wherein at least one layer between the pair of electrodes comprises at least one metal complex having a tridentate- or higher polydentate-chain structure ligand.

The invention pertains to chemoselective sensitivity booster for tagging a peptide, peptide conjugate, or similar reactive molecule for analysis of a peptide, protein, antibody, protein bioconjugate, antibody bioconjugate, and similar analytes. The sensitivity booster comprises of sp2 or sp3 nitrogen centers in combination with hydrophobic carbon chains linked with an electrophile or nucleophile for attachment with a peptide, peptide conjugate, or molecules with similar reactivity.

The invention pertains to chemoselective sensitivity booster for tagging a peptide, peptide conjugate, or similar reactive molecule for analysis of a peptide, protein, antibody, protein bioconjugate, antibody bioconjugate, and similar analytes. The sensitivity booster comprises of sp2 or sp3 nitrogen centers in combination with hydrophobic carbon chains linked with an electrophile or nucleophile for attachment with a peptide, peptide conjugate, or molecules with similar reactivity.

An organic electroluminescent device, which has a pair of electrodes and at least one organic layer including a luminescent layer between the pair of electrodes, wherein at least one layer between the pair of electrodes comprises at least one metal complex having a tridentate- or higher polydentate-chain structure ligand.

An organic electroluminescent device, which has a pair of electrodes and at least one organic layer including a luminescent layer between the pair of electrodes, wherein at least one layer between the pair of electrodes comprises at least one metal complex having a tridentate- or higher polydentate-chain structure ligand.