The present invention pertains to a novel compound having anticancer activity, and a method for producing same, and more specifically, to a novel compound that exhibits excellent anticancer activity by inhibiting the expression of AIMP2-DX2, and a method for producing same. The compound represented by chemical formula 1 according to the present invention is highly effective in inhibiting the expression of AIMP2-DX2, and thus can be very advantageously used for the development of agents for treating various diseases, in particular cancer, caused by AIMP2-DX2.

The invention relates to a compound of formula (I): A-B-D-E (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or polymorph thereof, including all tautomers and stereoisomers thereof, wherein: A is selected from monocyclic and bicyclic heteroaryl, which may independently substituted by alkyl or amino; B is selected from alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkyl-amino, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl and alkylene, wherein said groups may independently be substituted by alkyl; D is selected from aryl-amino, heteroaryl-amino, cycloalkyl-amino, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-amino, urea, thioamide, thiourea, sulfonamide, sulfoximine and sulfamoyl, wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl groups may independently be substituted; and E is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl groups may independently be substituted. The compounds of formula (I) are inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5). QC catalyzes the intramolecular cyclization of N-terminal glutamine residues into pyroglutamic acid (5-oxo-prolyl, pGlu*) under liberation of ammonia and the intramolecular cyclization of N-terminal glutamate residues into pyroglutamic acid under liberation of water.

The invention relates to a compound of formula (I): A-B-D-E (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or polymorph thereof, including all tautomers and stereoisomers thereof, wherein: A is selected from monocyclic and bicyclic heteroaryl, which may independently substituted by alkyl or amino; B is selected from alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkyl-amino, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl and alkylene, wherein said groups may independently be substituted by alkyl; D is selected from aryl-amino, heteroaryl-amino, cycloalkyl-amino, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-amino, urea, thioamide, thiourea, sulfonamide, sulfoximine and sulfamoyl, wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl groups may independently be substituted; and E is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl groups may independently be substituted. The compounds of formula (I) are inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5). QC catalyzes the intramolecular cyclization of N-terminal glutamine residues into pyroglutamic acid (5-oxo-prolyl, pGlu*) under liberation of ammonia and the intramolecular cyclization of N-terminal glutamate residues into pyroglutamic acid under liberation of water.

There is herein provided a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the ring containing Q.sup.1 to Q.sup.5, and the groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, have meanings as provided in the description.

##STR00001##

Compositions and methods for treating macular degeneration and other forms of retinal disease whose etiology involves the accumulation of A2E and/or lipofuscin, and, more specifically, for preventing the formation and/or accumulation of A2E are disclosed.

Compositions and methods for treating macular degeneration and other forms of retinal disease whose etiology involves the accumulation of A2E and/or lipofuscin, and, more specifically, for preventing the formation and/or accumulation of A2E are disclosed.

Compounds of the formula II: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently H, F or CH.sub.3; or R.sup.1 forms an ethynyl bond and R.sup.2 is H or C.sub.3-C.sub.6 cycloalkyl which is optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from methyl, CF.sub.3, OMe or halo; R.sup.3 is C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.3-C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, either of which is optionally substituted with one or two methyl and/or a fluoro, trifluoromethyl or methoxy, when R.sup.3 is C.sub.3-C.sub.6 cycloalkyl it may alternatively be gem substituted with fluoro; R.sup.4 is methyl or fluoro; m is 0, 1 or 2; E is a bond, or thiazolyl, optionally substituted with methyl or fluoro; A.sub.1 is CH or N, A.sub.2 is CR.sup.6R7 or NR.sup.6, provided at least one of A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 comprises N; R.sup.6 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl-O—C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl, or when A.sub.2 is C, R.sup.6 can also be C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy or F; R.sup.7 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or F
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, N-oxide or hydrate thereof, have utility in the treatment of disorders characterized by inappropriate expression or activation of cathepsin K, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or bone metastases.

Compounds of the formula II: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently H, F or CH.sub.3; or R.sup.1 forms an ethynyl bond and R.sup.2 is H or C.sub.3-C.sub.6 cycloalkyl which is optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from methyl, CF.sub.3, OMe or halo; R.sup.3 is C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.3-C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, either of which is optionally substituted with one or two methyl and/or a fluoro, trifluoromethyl or methoxy, when R.sup.3 is C.sub.3-C.sub.6 cycloalkyl it may alternatively be gem substituted with fluoro; R.sup.4 is methyl or fluoro; m is 0, 1 or 2; E is a bond, or thiazolyl, optionally substituted with methyl or fluoro; A.sub.1 is CH or N, A.sub.2 is CR.sup.6R7 or NR.sup.6, provided at least one of A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 comprises N; R.sup.6 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl-O—C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl, or when A.sub.2 is C, R.sup.6 can also be C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy or F; R.sup.7 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or F
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, N-oxide or hydrate thereof, have utility in the treatment of disorders characterized by inappropriate expression or activation of cathepsin K, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or bone metastases.

The present invention provides NOS inhibitors such as iNOS inhibitors, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, prodrug, complex, solvate, hydrate, or isomer thereof, in any crystalline form or in amorphous form. The inhibitors include 1,1 or 1,2 substituted-ethyl carbamimido thioates, cyclic compounds substituted with a carbamimidoyl sulfanylethylphenyl group and a carbamimidoylsulfanyl group, compounds substituted with a carbamimidoyl sulfanylethyl phenylmethyl group, bis-carbamimidoylsulfanylethyl substituted compounds, 2-propoxypyridine derivatives, alkylamine or heteroalkylamine derivatives, n-aminoethyl n-phenyl amine derivatives, and saturated heterocyclic fused benzene derivatives. Pharmaceutical products comprising the NOS inhibitors such as iNOS inhibitors and the applications thereof in prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory diseases, and proliferative diseases such as cancer including gastro-intestinal, colorectal, gynecological, pancreatic, head and neck, esophageal, breast, lung, and central nervous system tumors, among others, are also provided.

Compounds that inhibit HIF-2α, and compositions containing the compound(s) and methods for synthesizing the compounds, are described herein. Also described are the use of such compounds and compositions for the treatment of a diverse array of diseases, disorders, and conditions, including cancer- and immune-related disorders that are mediated, at least in part, by HIF-2α.