A process produces a (meth)acrylate ester mixture. The process includes reacting a glycerol formal isomer mixture with an alkyl (meth)acrylate in the presence of a catalyst.

A process produces a (meth)acrylate ester mixture. The process includes reacting a glycerol formal isomer mixture with an alkyl (meth)acrylate in the presence of a catalyst.

The disclosure relates generally novel sulfur containing glycerol mono-ester derivatives and methods useful for treating gram positive, gram negative, fungal and envelope viral infections in a patient.

The disclosure relates generally novel sulfur containing glycerol mono-ester derivatives and methods useful for treating gram positive, gram negative, fungal and envelope viral infections in a patient.

A lipid derivative in which a hydrophilic polymer is bound through a cyclic benzylidene acetal linker, and which can accurately control a hydrolysis rate in the weakly acidic environment of a living body to detach the hydrophilic polymer from a lipid membrane structure. The lipid derivative is represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein, R.sup.1 and R.sup.6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently an electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituent or a hydrogen atom; R.sup.7 is a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, a cholesterol derivative, a glycerolipid, a phospholipid or a sphingolipid; P is a hydrophilic polymer; s is 1 or 2, t is 0 or 1, and s+t is 1 or 2; and Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each independently a selected divalent spacer.

A lipid derivative in which a hydrophilic polymer is bound through a cyclic benzylidene acetal linker, and which can accurately control a hydrolysis rate in the weakly acidic environment of a living body to detach the hydrophilic polymer from a lipid membrane structure. The lipid derivative is represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein, R.sup.1 and R.sup.6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently an electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituent or a hydrogen atom; R.sup.7 is a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, a cholesterol derivative, a glycerolipid, a phospholipid or a sphingolipid; P is a hydrophilic polymer; s is 1 or 2, t is 0 or 1, and s+t is 1 or 2; and Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each independently a selected divalent spacer.

Provided herein are prodrug compounds, their preparation and their uses, such as treating liver diseases or nonliver diseases via intervening in molecular pathways in the liver.

Provided herein are surfactant compounds that can be used to aid in preparation of protein samples for analysis, for example by mass spectrometry.

Provided herein are surfactant compounds that can be used to aid in preparation of protein samples for analysis, for example by mass spectrometry.

Provided herein are prodrug compounds, their preparation and their uses, such as treating liver diseases or nonliver diseases via intervening in molecular pathways in the liver. Novel prodrug compounds of acid/alcohol derivatives such as phosphates, phosphonates, phosphonamidates, phosphoramidates, carboxylates, phenolates, and alkoxylates, their preparation and their uses are described. Some of the novel prodrug compounds described herein do not generate a vinyl keto reactive intermediate in the activation process. Another aspect includes the use of prodrugs to treat diseases that benefit from enhanced drug distribution to the liver and like tissues and cells.