Disclosed herein are new antiviral compounds, together with pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more antiviral compounds, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a paramyxovirus viral infection with one or more small molecule compounds. Examples of paramyxovirus infection include an infection caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, or prodrug thereof, wherein U, J, V, X, R.sup.1a, R.sup.2b, R.sup.2c, R.sup.5 and t are as described herein. The present invention relates generally to inhibitors of histone deacetylase and to methods of making and using them. These compounds are useful for promoting cognitive function and enhancing learning and memory formation. In addition, these compounds are useful for treating, alleviating, and/or preventing various conditions, including for example, neurological disorders, memory and cognitive function disorders/impairments, extinction learning disorders, fungal diseases and infections, inflammatory diseases, hematological diseases, and neoplastic diseases in humans and animals.

The invention provides compounds effective as sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators for treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases, such as hypertension (including malignant hypertension), angina, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, dysrhythmias, cardiomyothopy (including hypertropic cardiomyothopy), heart failure, cardiac arrest, bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, croup, emphysema, pleurisy, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolus, pulmonary hypertension, mesothelioma, ventricular conduction abnormalities, complete heart block, adult respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, prevention of keloid formation, or cirrhosis.

The invention provides compounds effective as sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators for treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases, such as hypertension (including malignant hypertension), angina, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, dysrhythmias, cardiomyothopy (including hypertropic cardiomyothopy), heart failure, cardiac arrest, bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, croup, emphysema, pleurisy, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolus, pulmonary hypertension, mesothelioma, ventricular conduction abnormalities, complete heart block, adult respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, prevention of keloid formation, or cirrhosis.

The present invention relates to a compound represented by the general formula (I) (wherein the definition of each group has the same meaning as described in the specification). The compound is useful as preventive and/or therapeutic agent for KCNQ2-5 channel-related diseases.

##STR00001##

A compound of formula (Ie′): ##STR00001##
wherein Ar′, R.sub.1, R.sub.4e and Y are as defined herein and a method of controlling pests using the compound.

A compound of formula (Ie′): ##STR00001##
wherein Ar′, R.sub.1, R.sub.4e and Y are as defined herein and a method of controlling pests using the compound.

In various embodiments, provided herein are pamoate salts of monoamine Anti-Parkinsons disease agents including rotigotine, ropinirole, pramipexole, selegiline, rasagiline, and safinamide, pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, methods of preparing the same, and methods of using the same. For example, the pamoate salt herein can be characterized by a molar ratio of rotigotine, ropinirole, pramipexole, selegiline, rasagiline, or safinamide to pamoic acid of about 1:1 or about 2:1. The pamoate salt herein can also be crystalline including anhydrous, hydrate or solvate forms, or their polymorphs, or amorphous. The pamoate salts described herein can provide a long acting and/or extended release profile of the monoamine agents for the treatment of Parkinsons disease (PD). Thus, also provided herein are methods of preparing a long acting and/or extended release injectable formulation of the monoamine agents using their respective pamoate salts. And in some embodiments, provided herein are methods of treating a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pamoate salt of rotigotine, ropinirole, pramipexole, selegiline, rasagiline, and/or safinamide.

The invention provides a compound having a selective inhibitory activity against highly-expressed LAT-1 in tumor cell. The compound is represented by the formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof, and a LAT-1 inhibitor comprising the same.

The invention provides a compound having a selective inhibitory activity against highly-expressed LAT-1 in tumor cell. The compound is represented by the formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof, and a LAT-1 inhibitor comprising the same.