The present invention provides, as one aspect, an electrolytic solution comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent an alkyl group or a fluorine atom, R.sup.4 represents an alkylene group, and R.sup.5 represents an organic group comprising a sulfur atom and not comprising a nitrogen atom; and ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.6 to R.sup.8 each independently represent an alkyl group or a fluorine atom, R.sup.9 represents an alkylene group, and R.sup.10 represents an organic group comprising a nitrogen atom and not comprising a sulfur atom.

A perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound represented by the formula (1a) or the formula (1b):
A-Rf—X—SiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k  (1a)
Y.sub.3-kQ.sub.kSi—X—Rf—X—SiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k  (1b)
as defined herein. Also disclosed is a process for producing the compound, a surface-treating agent containing the compound, a pellet containing the surface-treating agent and an optical member including a base material and a layer formed on a surface of the base material from the compound.

A perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound represented by the formula (1a) or the formula (1b):
A-Rf—X—SiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k  (1a)
Y.sub.3-kQ.sub.kSi—X—Rf—X—SiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k  (1b)
as defined herein. Also disclosed is a process for producing the compound, a surface-treating agent containing the compound, a pellet containing the surface-treating agent and an optical member including a base material and a layer formed on a surface of the base material from the compound.

A process for synthesis of an organosilicon compound is provided herein. Also, novel organosilicon compounds prepared by the present process is provided herein. The process comprises the reaction of a halosilane with an organofunctional alkyl halide in the presence of a metal catalyst, a promoter, and an optional co-catalyst. The process provides an efficient synthetic route to produce organosilicon compounds. The process also allows synthesis of organosilicon compounds with a plurality of different functional groups.

One aspect of the present invention provides an electrolytic solution comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent an alkyl group or a fluorine atom, R.sup.4 represents an alkylene group, and R.sup.5 represents an organic group containing a sulfur atom.

Functional, partially-fluorinated silane compound according to Formula (I): wherein: X is CH.sub.2=CH— or CHCH.sub.2—; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are linear or branched alkylenes having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sub.f is a perfluoro(alkylene) group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and, optionally, at least one catenary heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O and N; c is equal to the number of carbon atoms in X; and Y is —Cl or —OR, wherein R is a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, Y is —O(CH.sub.2).sub.xCH.sub.3 wherein x is an integer from 0 to 3 are described. Methods of making and using such functional, partially-fluorinated silane compounds are also described

Functional, partially-fluorinated silane compound according to Formula (I): wherein: X is CH.sub.2=CH— or CHCH.sub.2—; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are linear or branched alkylenes having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sub.f is a perfluoro(alkylene) group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and, optionally, at least one catenary heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O and N; c is equal to the number of carbon atoms in X; and Y is —Cl or —OR, wherein R is a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, Y is —O(CH.sub.2).sub.xCH.sub.3 wherein x is an integer from 0 to 3 are described. Methods of making and using such functional, partially-fluorinated silane compounds are also described

A process to functionalize organo-zinc compounds with halosilane electrophiles employs a basic additive. The process includes combining the organo-zinc compound, a halosilanes, and a nitrogen containing heterocycle as the basic additive. The presence of the basic additive facilitates successful substitution. Functionalized silanes and silyl-terminated polyolefins can be prepared using this process. The functionalized silanes may be useful as endblockers for polyorganosiloxanes having SiH and/or silicon bonded aliphatically unsaturated groups capable of undergoing hydrosilylation.

One aspect of the present invention provides an electrolytic solution comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent an alkyl group or a fluorine atom, R.sup.4 represents an alkylene group, and R.sup.5 represents an organic group containing a sulfur atom.

The present invention provides, as one aspect, an electrolytic solution comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent an alkyl group or a fluorine atom, R.sup.4 represents an alkylene group, and R.sup.5 represents an organic group comprising a sulfur atom and not comprising a nitrogen atom; and

##STR00002##

wherein R.sup.6 to R.sup.8 each independently represent an alkyl group or a fluorine atom, R.sup.9 represents an alkylene group, and R.sup.10 represents an organic group comprising a nitrogen atom and not comprising a sulfur atom.