Provided herein are lipid compounds that can be used in combination with other lipid components, such as neutral lipids, cholesterol and polymer conjugated lipids, to form lipid nanoparticles for delivery of therapeutic agents (e.g., nucleic acid molecules) for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes, including vaccination. Also provided herein are lipid nanoparticle compositions comprising said lipids.

The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (P) or (II′-0): (Formulae (I′), (II′-0)), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

##STR00001##

Compounds, compositions and methods are provided for the inhibition of ENPP1. Aspects of the subject methods include contacting a sample with a ENPP1 inhibitor to inhibit cGAMP hydrolysis activity of ENPP1. In some cases, the ENPP1 inhibitor is cell impermeable. Also provided are compositions and methods for treating cancer. Aspects of the methods include administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a ENPP1 inhibitor to treat the subject for cancer. In certain cases, the cancer is a solid tumor cancer. Also provided are methods of administering radiation therapy to a subject either before or after administering an ENPP1 inhibitor. The radiation therapy can be administered at a dosage and/or frequency effective to reduce radiation damage to the subject. In certain cases, the method is performed in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent, or a checkpoint inhibitor, or both.

The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I), (II), or (II′): (I), (II), (II′), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

##STR00001##

The present invention includes compound having the following structural formula: ##STR00001##

In one embodiment, a method includes contacting a phosphotriester and a halogen salt in a polar solvent. In another embodiment, a method for dealkylating tributylphosphate includes contacting tributylphosphate and a halogen salt in a polar solvent.

The present disclosure provides one or more amino lipids such as an amino lipids containing a sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid derivative of the formulas: ##STR00001##
wherein the variables are as defined herein. These amino lipids may be used in compositions with one or more helper lipids and a nucleic acid therapeutic agent. These compositions may be used to treat a disease or disorder such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, or other genetic diseases.

The disclosure features novel lipids and compositions involving the same. Nanoparticle compositions include a novel lipid as well as additional lipids such as phospholipids, structural lipids, and PEG lipids. Nanoparticle compositions further including therapeutic and/or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.

An internal release agent includes at least one phosphodiester represented by the following general formula (1).

##STR00001##

In the formula, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted with at least one hydroxyl group, and R.sub.3 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. A plurality of R.sub.3's may be the same as or different from each other. M represents a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion, an alkali metal ion, or a monovalent/divalent alkali earth metal ion, and n is an integer of 1 to 60.

The invention relates to a process for dehumidifying a moist gas mixture in which the moist gas mixtures are brought into contact with an absorbent comprising dialkylimidazolium salts and trialkyl phosphate. In addition, the invention also relates to an absorption heat pump comprising the absorbent according to the invention and to the absorbent according to the invention itself.