Phosphate-based linkers with tunable stability for intracellular delivery of drug conjugates are described. The phosphate-based linkers comprise a monophosphate, diphosphate, triphosphate, or tetraphosphate group (phosphate group) and a linker arm comprising a tuning element and optionally a spacer. A payload is covalently linked to the phosphate group at the distal end of the linker arm and the functional group at the proximal end of the linker arm is covalently linked to a cell-specific targeting ligand such as an antibody. These phosphate-based linkers have a differentiated and tunable stability in blood vs. an intracellular environment (e.g. lysosomal compartment).

The invention relates to an isoprene oligomer that contains a trans structural moiety and a cis structural moiety, which can be represented by the following formula (1), wherein at least 1 atom or group in the trans structural moiety is replaced by another atom or group. The invention also relates to a polyisoprene, which is biosynthesized using the isoprene oligomer and isopentenyl diphosphate. Further, this invention provides a rubber composition comprising the isoprene oligomer and/or the polyisoprene, and a pneumatic tire, including tire components (e.g., treads and sidewalls) formed from the rubber composition. ##STR00001##
wherein n represents an integer from 1 to 10; m represents an integer from 1 to 30; and Y represents a hydroxy group, a formyl group, a carboxy group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, or a group represented by the following formula (2): ##STR00002##

The disclosure relates to prodrugs of vitamin K2, in particular prodrugs of MK-7 in which the diketone is converted to a monosubstituted or disubstituted ester type derivative. These compounds are shown to give MK-7 in plasma. The disclosure also relates to methods of treating conditions using prodrugs of vitamin K2.

Provided herein are prodrug compounds, their preparation and their uses, such as treating liver diseases or nonliver diseases via intervening in molecular pathways in the liver. Novel prodrug compounds of acid/alcohol derivatives such as phosphates, phosphonates, phosphonamidates, phosphoramidates, carboxylates, phenolates, and alkoxylates, their preparation and their uses are described. Some of the novel prodrug compounds described herein do not generate a vinyl keto reactive intermediate in the activation process. Another aspect includes the use of prodrugs to treat diseases that benefit from enhanced drug distribution to the liver and like tissues and cells.

Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, tautomer or salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, M, m and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds are also provided.

Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. In some embodiments, the compounds have the following structure (I): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, tautomer or salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, M.sup.1, M.sup.2, m, and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds is also provided.

Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. In some embodiments, the compounds have the following structure (I):

##STR00001##

or a stereoisomer, tautomer or salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, M.sup.1, M.sup.2, m, and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds is also provided.

A polyethylene pipe comprising components A) and B), wherein component A) is a hindered amine light stabilizer containing a triazine residue, component B) is a natural or synthetic hydrotalcite and the weight ratio of component A) to component B) is 1:10 to 10:1.

Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, tautomer or salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, M, m and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds are also provided.

Functionalized solid supports are useful in the synthesis of oligonucleotides. The functionalized solid supports contain an extended linker to a terminal functional group or a first nucleotide or nucleoside moiety. The extended linker permits oligonucleotide synthesis to take place at a greater distance from the solid support with greater efficiency.