The present invention concerns phospholipid compositions having a relatively high concentration of compounds of the following structure (I): wherein at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is palmitoleoyl, myristoleoyl or lauroleoyl and methods for their preparation. The present invention also concerns the use of these phospholipid compositions to treat a variety of disorders by administering the composition to a patient in need thereof. ##STR00001##

The present invention concerns phospholipid compositions having a relatively high concentration of compounds of the following structure (I): wherein at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is palmitoleoyl, myristoleoyl or lauroleoyl and methods for their preparation. The present invention also concerns the use of these phospholipid compositions to treat a variety of disorders by administering the composition to a patient in need thereof. ##STR00001##

A genetically modified coccidian parasites wherein expression of phosphatidylthreonine synthase (PTS) is disrupted, a polynucleotide including a nucleotide sequence encoding a phosphatidylthreonine synthase (PTS) enzyme, which catalyzes the production of a lipid, phosphatidylthreonine (PtdThr). PtdThr is an exclusive, major and physiologically important lipid in selected coccidian parasites, which is required for a normal growth and virulence of coccidian parasites. Coccidian parasites, having the expression of PTS disrupted as described herein, are useful as vaccines. The phosphatidylthreonine synthase enzyme and the nucleotide encoding sequences thereof as well as the phosphatidylthreonine phospholipid can find use in diagnostic methods and diagnostic kits or in vaccine and drug development applications.

A polymeric compound is disclosed herein, having the general formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein m, n, X, Y, Z and L are as defined herein. Further disclosed herein are lipid bilayers comprising at least one bilayer-forming lipid and the aforementioned polymeric compound, and liposomes comprising such a bilayer, as well as methods, uses and compositions utilizing such bilayers and/or liposomes for reducing a friction coefficient of a surface and/or for inhibiting biofilm formation.

The present disclosure provides one or more amino lipids such as an amino lipids containing a sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid derivative of the formulas:

##STR00001##

wherein the variables are as defined herein. These amino lipids may be used in compositions with one or more helper lipids and a nucleic acid therapeutic agent. These compositions may be used to treat a disease or disorder such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, or other genetic diseases.

Aspects of the present invention provide methods of drying lecithin in a batch reaction, comprising the steps of obtaining lecithin-containing material (derived from a crude refining stream) comprising 15-50% water, 10-30% acetone insoluble matter, and 10-20% free fatty acid; adding a fatty acid source (also derived from a crude refining stream) to the lecithin-containing material composition to obtain a lecithin/fatty acid reaction mixture; and blowing dry gas through the gum/fatty acid reaction mixture to obtain a resultant dried lecithin fatty acid blend having a water content of less than 2%. The resultant dried lecithin fatty acid blend may be used in asphalt or oil field applications.

The disclosure provides a method of obtaining an isolated phospholipid enriched krill composition. The method includes a) contacting a crude krill composition with an alcohol in an amount sufficient to provide a phospholipid enriched layer and a non-phospholipid enriched layer; b) forming a phospholipid enriched layer and a non-phospholipid enriched layer, wherein the phospholipid enriched layer is above the non-phospholipid enriched layer; c) isolating the phospholipid enriched layer and the non-phospholipid enriched layer; and d) removing the alcohol from the phospholipid enriched layer to provide an isolated phospholipid enriched krill composition.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, comprising obtaining a lecithin-containing material, in some aspects derived from a crude refining stream, comprising 20-80 wt % acetone insoluble matter, 1-30 wt % free fatty acid, and less than 10 wt % water, adding a fatty acid or carboxylic source to the lecithin-containing material to obtain a lecithin fatty acid blend or lecithin carboxylic acid blend and incorporating the blend into asphalt or oil field applications.

The present application provides a phosphatidylcholine product represented by formula (I) and a fatty acid composition containing same. In formula (I), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from residues of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having more than 12 carbon atoms; and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 comprise an EPA residue and a DHA residue. The phosphatidylcholine product represented by formula (I) and fatty acid composition provided by the present application can improve damage of IBD model animal colon tissues to a certain extent, have certain anti IBD activity, and are superior to the first-line drug, sulfasalazine.

The present application provides a phosphatidylcholine product represented by formula (I) and a fatty acid composition containing same. In formula (I), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from residues of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having more than 12 carbon atoms; and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 comprise an EPA residue and a DHA residue. The phosphatidylcholine product represented by formula (I) and fatty acid composition provided by the present application can improve damage of IBD model animal colon tissues to a certain extent, have certain anti IBD activity, and are superior to the first-line drug, sulfasalazine.