The present disclosure provides compositions which shown preferential targeting or delivery of a nucleic acid composition to a particular organ. In some embodiments, the composition comprises a steroid or sterol, an ionizable cationic lipid, a phospholipid, a PEG lipid, and a permanently cationic lipid which may be used to deliver a nucleic acid.

Synthetic blood substitutes and methods for making them. A lipid-amphiphile blood-substitute precursor compound having a hydrophobic fatty acid/acyl moiety, a hydrophilic head moiety including a phosphate group, and a pH responsive moiety. The lipid-amphiphile precursor is configured to self-assemble from a solution mixture of phospholipid and cholesterol in the presence of hemoglobin and an allosteric effector into a hybrid-vesicle resulting from the combined self-assembly of both the amphiphilic lipid-oligomer and the lipids into an advanced vesicular structure containing a hemoglobin/allosteric effector payload.

Synthetic blood substitutes and methods for making them. A lipid-amphiphile blood-substitute precursor compound having a hydrophobic fatty acid/acyl moiety, a hydrophilic head moiety including a phosphate group, and a pH responsive moiety. The lipid-amphiphile precursor is configured to self-assemble from a solution mixture of phospholipid and cholesterol in the presence of hemoglobin and an allosteric effector into a hybrid-vesicle resulting from the combined self-assembly of both the amphiphilic lipid-oligomer and the lipids into an advanced vesicular structure containing a hemoglobin/allosteric effector payload.

New cationic lipids are provided that are useful for delivering macromolecules, such as nucleic acids, into eukaryotic cells. The lipids can be used alone, in combination with other lipids and/or in combination with other transfection enhancing reagents to prepare transfection complexes.

New cationic lipids are provided that are useful for delivering macromolecules, such as nucleic acids, into eukaryotic cells. The lipids can be used alone, in combination with other lipids and/or in combination with other transfection enhancing reagents to prepare transfection complexes.

This invention provides a technique that is capable of suppressing variation in the amount of phospholipids obtained in each operation when a phospholipid concentrate is obtained by subjecting an ethanol extract concentrate of livestock or poultry tissue to a degumming step and collecting gum. More specifically, the invention provides a method for producing a phospholipid concentrate from livestock or poultry tissue, comprising step (A) of mixing an ethanol extract concentrate of livestock or poultry tissue with water, the water being in an amount of less than 7 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the concentrate, and step (B) of centrifuging the obtained liquid mixture at 2° C. or lower.

Provided herein is a method to extract bioactive phospholipids from fish roe, particularly from salmon roe, providing an extraction solvent composition mixture of chloroform, ethanol, and isopropanol.

[PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED] It enables any superior ether phospholipids to the conventional ones and a method for producing the same in an easy manner on a massive scale, in light of effects of treating and improving brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, depression and schizophrenia, metabolic diseases such as diabetes, various infectious diseases, and immune disorders. [SOLUTION] Ether phospholipids are obtained from bivalve tissues such as clams and corbicula by extraction processing. The ether phospholipids exhibit significantly superior effects of the above as compared to the conventional ether phospholipids derived from chicken tissues.

[PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED] It enables any superior ether phospholipids to the conventional ones and a method for producing the same in an easy manner on a massive scale, in light of effects of treating and improving brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, depression and schizophrenia, metabolic diseases such as diabetes, various infectious diseases, and immune disorders. [SOLUTION] Ether phospholipids are obtained from bivalve tissues such as clams and corbicula by extraction processing. The ether phospholipids exhibit significantly superior effects of the above as compared to the conventional ether phospholipids derived from chicken tissues.

A compound presented by the following Chemical Formula 1, a racemic form, or a salt thereof:

##STR00001## wherein, X represents an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, or a carbon atom, R.sup.1 represents R.sup.1a—Y—R.sup.1b (wherein R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b each independently represent a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, or a combination thereof, and Y represents an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, or a carbon atom), R.sup.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and R.sup.3 represents choline, ethanolamine, inositol, or serine.