A lubricant composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and 0.01 to 5 percent by weight of a substantially sulfur-free alkyl phosphate amine salt, where at least 30 mole percent of the phosphorus atoms are in an alkyl pyrophosphate salt structure, exhibits good antiwear performance. In the phosphate amine salt, at least 25 mole percent of the alkyl groups are primary alkyl groups of 3 to 12 carbon atoms.

The invention aims to provide a constituent component of a liposome for a DDS carrier that does not show a membrane fusion promoting effect on viruses. In particular, the invention provides a sphingomyelin-derived lipid represented by the formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group having 13-17 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 is an acyl group having 12-24 carbon atoms, and a production method thereof.

The invention aims to provide a constituent component of a liposome for a DDS carrier that does not show a membrane fusion promoting effect on viruses. In particular, the invention provides a sphingomyelin-derived lipid represented by the formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group having 13-17 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 is an acyl group having 12-24 carbon atoms, and a production method thereof.

Alkylphosphocholine analogs incorporating a chelating moiety that is chelated to gadolinium are disclosed herein. The alkylphophocholine analogs are compounds having the formula:

##STR00001##

or a salt therof. R.sub.1 includes a chelating agent that is chelated to a gadolinium atom; a is 0 or 1; n is an integer from 12 to 30; m is 0 or 1; Y is H, OH, COOH, COOX, OCOX, or OX, wherein X is an alkyl or an arylalkyl; R.sub.2 is N.sup.+H.sub.3, N.sup.+H.sub.2Z, N.sup.+HZ.sub.2, or N.sup.+Z.sub.3, wherein each Z is independently an alkyl or an aroalkyl; and b is 1 or 2. The compounds can be used to detect solid tumors or to treat solid tumors. In detection/imaging applications, the gadolinium emits signals that are detectable using magnetic resonance imaging. In therapeutic treatment, the gadolinium emits tumor-targeting charged particles when exposed to epithermal neutrons.

Alkylphosphocholine analogs incorporating a chelating moiety that is chelated to gadolinium are disclosed herein. The alkylphophocholine analogs are compounds having the formula:

##STR00001##

or a salt therof. R.sub.1 includes a chelating agent that is chelated to a gadolinium atom; a is 0 or 1; n is an integer from 12 to 30; m is 0 or 1; Y is H, OH, COOH, COOX, OCOX, or OX, wherein X is an alkyl or an arylalkyl; R.sub.2 is N.sup.+H.sub.3, N.sup.+H.sub.2Z, N.sup.+HZ.sub.2, or N.sup.+Z.sub.3, wherein each Z is independently an alkyl or an aroalkyl; and b is 1 or 2. The compounds can be used to detect solid tumors or to treat solid tumors. In detection/imaging applications, the gadolinium emits signals that are detectable using magnetic resonance imaging. In therapeutic treatment, the gadolinium emits tumor-targeting charged particles when exposed to epithermal neutrons.

A non-aqueous electrolytic solution includes a phosphoric acid diester salt, which can suppress deterioration of charge-discharge characteristics of a power storage element, and can suppress the rise in internal resistance after storage at high temperature. The phosphoric acid diester salt is represented by the following chemical formula (1):

##STR00001##

in which M.sup.n+ represents a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion, an alkali earth metal ion, an aluminum ion, a transition metal ion, or an onium ion, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are different from each other and represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and having at least one of a halogen atom, a heteroatom, and an unsaturated bond, and n represents a valence.

A non-aqueous electrolytic solution includes a phosphoric acid diester salt, which can suppress deterioration of charge-discharge characteristics of a power storage element, and can suppress the rise in internal resistance after storage at high temperature. The phosphoric acid diester salt is represented by the following chemical formula (1):

##STR00001##

in which M.sup.n+ represents a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion, an alkali earth metal ion, an aluminum ion, a transition metal ion, or an onium ion, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are different from each other and represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and having at least one of a halogen atom, a heteroatom, and an unsaturated bond, and n represents a valence.

Alkylphosphocholine analogs incorporating a chelating moiety that is chelated to gadolinium are disclosed herein. The alkylphophocholine analogs are compounds having the formula: ##STR00001##
or a salt thereof. R.sub.1 includes a chelating agent that is chelated to a gadolinium atom; a is 0 or 1; n is an integer from 12 to 30; m is 0 or 1; Y is H, OH, COOH, COOX, OCOX, or OX, wherein X is an alkyl or an arylalkyl; R.sub.2 is N.sup.+H.sub.3, N.sup.+H.sub.2Z, N.sup.+HZ.sub.2, or N.sup.+Z.sub.3, wherein each Z is independently an alkyl or an aroalkyl; and b is 1 or 2. The compounds can be used to detect solid tumors or to treat solid tumors. In detection/imaging applications, the gadolinium emits signals that are detectable using magnetic resonance imaging. In therapeutic treatment, the gadolinium emits tumor-targeting charged particles when exposed to epithermal neutrons.

Alkylphosphocholine analogs incorporating a chelating moiety that is chelated to gadolinium are disclosed herein. The alkylphophocholine analogs are compounds having the formula: ##STR00001##
or a salt thereof. R.sub.1 includes a chelating agent that is chelated to a gadolinium atom; a is 0 or 1; n is an integer from 12 to 30; m is 0 or 1; Y is H, OH, COOH, COOX, OCOX, or OX, wherein X is an alkyl or an arylalkyl; R.sub.2 is N.sup.+H.sub.3, N.sup.+H.sub.2Z, N.sup.+HZ.sub.2, or N.sup.+Z.sub.3, wherein each Z is independently an alkyl or an aroalkyl; and b is 1 or 2. The compounds can be used to detect solid tumors or to treat solid tumors. In detection/imaging applications, the gadolinium emits signals that are detectable using magnetic resonance imaging. In therapeutic treatment, the gadolinium emits tumor-targeting charged particles when exposed to epithermal neutrons.

Disclosed is a phosphoric acid diester salt which can suppress deterioration of charge-discharge characteristics of a power storage element, and can suppress the rise in internal resistance after storage at high temperature, a production method therefor, a non-aqueous electrolytic solution for a power storage element, and a power storage element. Disclosed is a phosphoric acid diester salt represented by the following chemical formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein M.sup.n+ represents a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion, an alkali earth metal ion, an aluminum ion, a transition metal ion, or an onium ion; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are different from each other and represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and having at least one of a halogen atom, a heteroatom, and an unsaturated bond; and n represents a valence.