The present invention relates to multifunctional bisacylphosphine oxides, which are useful as photoinitiators, and to compositions comprising said photoinitiators. The invention also relates to a process for photocuring and to articles of manufacture prepared by said process.

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The present application relates to flame retardant compounds of Formula (I) which are derived from vanillin and which comprise a phosphorus based flame retardant. The present application also relates to methods of using compounds of Formula (I) for forming flame retardant resins, prepolymers and interpenetrating polymer network (IPNs) and to processes of their preparation. The vanillin is, for example, from a bio-based source.

Disclosed are an acylphosphine oxide compound and a preparation method therefor, which belong to the field of initiators. The method comprises: reacting compound B and compound C under the conditions of an organic base and an organic solvent so as to obtain the acylphosphine oxide compound. The chemical structural formula of compound B is as follows:

##STR00001## the chemical structural formula of compound C is as follows:

##STR00002##

and the chemical structural formula of the acyl phosphine oxide compound is as follows:

##STR00003## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group, methoxy, methylthio, dimethylamino, chloroformyl, phenyl, benzoyl, (4-dimethylamino) phenyl, α-naphthyl, β-naphthyl or (9-ethyl-9H-carbazole)-3-yl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.1 are the same, n is the substitution number of R.sup.1 on the corresponding phenyl ring, and is 1, 2 or 3, and m is the substitution number of R.sup.2 on the corresponding phenyl ring, and is 1, 2 or 3. The preparation method is safe and environmentally friendly, and has a high yield.

An acyl phosphine oxide initiator wherein the acyl group is selected from the group consisting of a benzoyl group substituted by an urea group or an oxalylamide group; a 2,6-dimethyl benzoyl group substituted in position 3 by an urea group or an oxalylamide group; a 2,6-dimethoxy benzoyl group substituted in position 3 by an urea group or an oxalylamide group; a 2,4,6-dimethyl benzoyl group substituted in position 3 by an urea group or an oxalylamide group; and a 2,4,6-trimethoxybenzoyl group substituted in position 3 by an urea group or an oxalylamide group.

A photopolymerization initiator which is a compound having a structure in which one or more carbonyl groups that link to a carbon atom are further directly bonded to an aromatic ring of an aromatic acyl group that bonds to a phosphorus atom in an acylphosphine oxide structure. A producing method of a photopolymerization initiator produces the photopolymerization initiator. In a polymerizable composition and an ink jet recording method, the photopolymerization initiator is used. Furthermore, an acylphosphine oxide compound has a partial structure represented by Formula 1 or Formula 2.

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A photopolymerization initiator which is a compound having a structure in which one or more carbonyl groups that link to a carbon atom are further directly bonded to an aromatic ring of an aromatic acyl group that bonds to a phosphorus atom in an acylphosphine oxide structure. A producing method of a photopolymerization initiator produces the photopolymerization initiator. In a polymerizable composition and an ink jet recording method, the photopolymerization initiator is used. Furthermore, an acylphosphine oxide compound has a partial structure represented by Formula 1 or Formula 2. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure is drawn to a reactive polyurethane dispersion including a polymer strand having a polymer backbone that has two ends terminating at a first capping unit and a second capping unit. The polymer backbone can include polymerized monomers including a reactive diol and a blend of two or more diisocyanates. The reactive diol can be an acrylate-containing diol, a methacrylate-containing diol, or combination thereof. The first capping unit can be an acrylate-containing monoalcohol or methacrylate-containing monoalcohol reacted with an isocyanate group of the diisocyanates. The second capping unit can be an ionic stabilizing group. The polymer backbone can be devoid of ionic stabilizing groups.

There are provided a compound represented by general formula (1), a photopolymerization initiator comprising this compound, a photocurable composition having this photopolymerization initiator and a photocurable compound as essential components, and a cured product formed by curing this photocurable composition, wherein in formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represents an alkyl group or the like; R.sup.3 to R.sup.5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; X.sup.1 represents a single bond or an alkylene group; and X.sup.2 represents a bonding group represented by general formulas (2) to (4), and wherein n represents an integer of 1 to 6, when n is an integer of 1, Y represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or the like.

The present invention refers to a process for the preparation of a mono(acyl)phosphine of the general formula (I) and/or a bis(acyl)phosphine of the general formula (II), wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are the same or different and are independently selected from H, halogen, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyloxy, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-aryl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkoxy, C.sub.7-C.sub.12-arylalkoxy, C.sub.9-C.sub.15-alkenylarylalkoxy, nitro-, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-arylsulfonyl, 4-alkylaryl-sulfonyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkylcarboxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxycarbonyl, SR.sub.14, NIIR.sub.14 or NR.sub.14R.sub.15 with R.sub.14 and R.sub.15 being independently selected from H, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl and C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, and an O-, S- or N-containing 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; R.sub.6 is H or R.sub.6 is replaced by an alkaline earth metal cation or a mixed alkali metal/alkaline earth metal cation; Formula (II) wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are the same or different and are independently selected from H, halogen, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyloxy, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-aryl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkoxy, C.sub.7-C.sub.12-arylalkoxy, C.sub.9-C.sub.15-alkenylarylalkoxy, nitro-, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-arylsulfonyl, 4-alkylarylsulfonyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkylcarboxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxycarbonyl, SR.sub.14, NHR.sub.14 or .sub.NR.sub.14R.sub.15 with R.sub.14 and R.sub.15 being independently selected from H, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl and C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, and an O-, S- or N- containing 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; as well as the mono(acyl)phosphine and/or bis(acyl)phosphine obtained by the process.

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The present disclosure is drawn to a photo active agent which includes a diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide modified with a tertiary amine having a water solubilizing group attached to the tertiary amine.