The present specification describes a novel polycyclic compound and an organic electroluminescent device using the same.

The following formula is an example of a phosphole compound of the present invention. The phosphole compound of the present invention has the characteristic of maintaining a high fluorescence quantum yield in a wide range of solvents from low-polarity solvents to high-polarity solvents, as well as the characteristic in which the fluorescence wavelength shifts to the longer wavelength side as the polarity of the solvent increases. Because of these characteristics, the phosphole compound of the present invention is expected to be used, for example, for quantitatively determining the polarity in the environment therearound by using the absorption wavelength and fluorescence wavelength thereof, or used as a new fluorescent probe dye or a highly efficient luminescent material in organic electronic devices. ##STR00001##

Methods for staining mitochondria are disclosed involving using a composition containing a cationic species of the formula: (I) wherein at least one of Y and Z is a substituted or unsubstituted azetidine group; X is selected from O, S, SO.sub.2, Se, NR.sub.12, P(O)R.sub.12, CR.sub.13R.sub.14, SiR.sub.13R.sub.14, Te, and GeR.sub.13R.sub.14. Also disclosed are methods for analysing mitochondria, involving staining a sample of mitochondria. illuminating the stained sample using light of an appropriate wavelength to fluoresce the compound, and observing or imaging a magnified image of the sample.

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Azetidine substitute rosamines useful for staining mitochondria of formula (I) are disclosed, wherein at least one of Y and Z is a substituted or unsubstituted azetidine group; X is selected from O, S, SO.sub.2, Se, NR.sub.12, P(O)R.sub.12, CR.sub.13R.sub.14, SiR.sub.13R.sub.14, Te, and GeR.sub.13R.sub.14, and there is at least one Q group on the pendant phenyl, the Q group comprising a group selected from halo, maleimidyl, OSO.sub.2R.sub.13 and epoxide. Also disclosed are methods for staining mitochondria involving incubating a sample in a composition comprising the compound, and analysing mitochondria, involving staining a sample of mitochondria, optionally fixing the cells, illuminating the stained sample using light of an appropriate wavelength to fluoresce the compound, and observing or imaging a magnified image of the sample.

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The invention relates to oligomerization of olefins, such as ethylene, to higher olefins, such as a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using a catalyst system that comprises a) a source of chromium b) one or more activators and c) a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound. Additionally, the invention relates to a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound and a process for making said compound.

A condensed cyclic compound having the following structure and an organic light-emitting device including the same are provided:

##STR00001##

wherein A1 is one of the following:

##STR00002##

By providing a novel polycyclic aromatic compound in which a plurality of aromatic rings are linked via a boron atom, a nitrogen atom, or the like, options of a material for an organic EL element are increased. In addition, by using the novel polycyclic aromatic compound as a material for an organic electroluminescent element, an excellent organic EL element is provided.

The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I), to the use of compounds of the formula (I) in electronic devices and electronic devices comprising one or more compounds of the formula (I). The invention furthermore relates to the preparation of the compounds of the formula (I) and to formulations comprising one or more compounds of the formula (I).

A formulation comprising at least one solvent and at least two different functional compounds of formula (I)
AB].sub.k(I) wherein A is a functional structural element, the structural element serving as a host material, as a unit that has hole-injection and/or hole-transport properties, as a unit that has electron-injection and/or electron-transport properties, as a unit which has light-emitting properties, or as a unit which improves the transfer from the singlet state to the triplet state of light-emitting compounds; B is a solubility-promoting structural element; and k is an integer in the range from 1 to 20; the molecular weight of the functional compound is at least 550 g/mol, and the solubility-promoting structural element B conforms to the general formula (L-I) ##STR00001##

A heterocyclic compound and an organic light emitting device, the compound being represented by Formula 1:

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