The invention includes compositions comprising curable imidazolium-functionalized poly(room-temperature ionic liquid) copolymers and homopolymers. The invention further includes methods of preparing and using the compositions of the invention. The invention further includes novel methods of preparing thin, supported, room-temperature ionic liquid-containing polymeric films on a porous support. In certain embodiments, the methods of the invention avoid the use of a gutter layer, which greatly reduces the overall gas permeance and selectivity of the composite membrane. In other embodiments, the films of the invention have increased gas selectivity and permeance over films prepared using methods described in the prior art.

A compound for an organic light-emitting device represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001##

wherein, in Formula 1,

A.sub.1 is selected from an aromatic group and an aromatic group having extended -conjugation,

R.sub.1 is selected from hydrogen and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group,

L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are each independently selected from O, S, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkylene group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 oxyalkylene group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 thioalkylene group; and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkylene group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 oxyalkylene group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 thioalkylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group,

n1 and n2 are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5,

R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from hydrogen and a first cross-linking group, provided that at least one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is the first cross-linking group, and

X is selected from F, Cl, Br, and I.

The invention provides a redox flow battery comprising a microporous or nanoporous size-exclusion membrane, wherein one cell of the battery contains a redox-active colloidal particle dispersed in a non-aqueous solvent. The redox flow battery provides enhanced ionic conductivity across the electrolyte separator and reduced redox-active species crossover, thereby improving the performance and enabling widespread utilization of the battery. Redox active colloidal particles (RACs) were prepared, analyzed, and were found to be highly effective redox species for use in redox flow batteries.

The invention provides a redox flow battery comprising a microporous or nanoporous size-exclusion membrane, wherein one cell of the battery contains a redox-active colloidal particle dispersed in a non-aqueous solvent. The redox flow battery provides enhanced ionic conductivity across the electrolyte separator and reduced redox-active species crossover, thereby improving the performance and enabling widespread utilization of the battery. Redox active colloidal particles (RACs) were prepared, analyzed, and were found to be highly effective redox species for use in redox flow batteries.

An object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance ion exchange membrane having a small defect and a sufficient mechanical strength, a method for manufacturing the ion exchange membrane, and a module and a device which include the ion exchange membrane.

An ion exchange membrane of the present invention contains a resin having an amino group and a constitutional unit represented by Formula 1, in which the number of amino groups per dry mass is 0.15 to 2.4 mmol/g. In Formula 1, L.sup.1 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, and R.sup.d each independently represent an alkyl group or an aryl group, R.sup.a and R.sup.b and/or R.sup.c and R.sup.d may form a ring by being bonded to each other, n1 and n2 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 10, and X.sub.1.sup. and X.sub.2.sup. each independently represent an organic or inorganic anion.

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An object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance ion exchange membrane having a small defect and a sufficient mechanical strength, a method for manufacturing the ion exchange membrane, and a module and a device which include the ion exchange membrane.

An ion exchange membrane of the present invention contains a resin having an amino group and a constitutional unit represented by Formula 1, in which the number of amino groups per dry mass is 0.15 to 2.4 mmol/g. In Formula 1, L.sup.1 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, and R.sup.d each independently represent an alkyl group or an aryl group, R.sup.a and R.sup.b and/or R.sup.c and R.sup.d may form a ring by being bonded to each other, n1 and n2 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 10, and X.sub.1.sup. and X.sub.2.sup. each independently represent an organic or inorganic anion.

##STR00001##

The present invention includes a first raw material feeding unit, a second raw material feeding unit, a reactor unit, and a controller configured to control the amount of a first raw material being fed from the first raw material feeding unit to the reactor unit, the amount of a second raw material being fed from the second raw material feeding unit to the reactor unit, the temperature of the first raw material being fed from the first raw material feeding unit to the reactor unit, and the temperature of the second raw material being fed from the second raw material feeding unit to the reactor unit. The first raw material is raw material monomer solution containing a raw material monomer. The second raw material is polymerization initiator solution containing a polymerization initiator. A reaction product is polymer compound resulting from a living anionic polymerization reaction of the raw material monomer.