Disclosed is a gel material having a high water content and excellent mechanical properties. The gel material includes repeating units derived from the following monomers (A) and (B): (A) an anionic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring, and (B) a cationic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring. The gel material has a water content of 20% by mass to 95% by mass, a tensile elastic modulus of 9 MPa to 1000 MPa, and a tensile elongation at break of 50% to 5000%.

Disclosed is a gel material having a high water content and excellent mechanical properties. The gel material includes repeating units derived from the following monomers (A) and (B): (A) an anionic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring, and (B) a cationic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring. The gel material has a water content of 20% by mass to 95% by mass, a tensile elastic modulus of 9 MPa to 1000 MPa, and a tensile elongation at break of 50% to 5000%.

Eco-friendly aqueous synthesis of substantive, UV-absorbing, cationic polymers with ‘inverse temperature dependent solubility’ are described in the present invention. These polymers are water-soluble at ambient temperature and water-resistant at temperature of human body as well as in the presence of electrolytes. This property makes these polymers useful for personal care products that are designed for protecting skin and hair from damages of UV radiation.

The invention relates to aqueous synthesis of polymers of Formula I wherein, ArCO is an UV absorbing moiety selected from 2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acryloyl, and p-methoxy cinnamoyl, R.sub.1 is selected from H and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl group, and R.sub.2 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl group, m and n are integers and a ratio of m to n is 40:5 to 40:1.

##STR00001##

Eco-friendly aqueous synthesis of substantive, UV-absorbing, cationic polymers with ‘inverse temperature dependent solubility’ are described in the present invention. These polymers are water-soluble at ambient temperature and water-resistant at temperature of human body as well as in the presence of electrolytes. This property makes these polymers useful for personal care products that are designed for protecting skin and hair from damages of UV radiation.

The invention relates to aqueous synthesis of polymers of Formula I wherein, ArCO is an UV absorbing moiety selected from 2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acryloyl, and p-methoxy cinnamoyl, R.sub.1 is selected from H and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl group, and R.sub.2 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl group, m and n are integers and a ratio of m to n is 40:5 to 40:1.

##STR00001##

An impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer, processes of forming an impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising an impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer are disclosed. The impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer includes at least one hexahydrotriazine group and at least one chain comprising an allylic portion and a styrenic portion. Variations in the chain control properties of the impact resistant polymer. The process of forming the impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer includes reactions between formaldehyde and at least two classes of monomer that form hexahydrotriazine groups and impact resistant chains. Adjusting relative monomer concentrations controls properties of the impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer. The article of manufacture contains a material that has an impact resistant polymer. Impact resistance of the impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer is dependent upon variation in relative amounts of monomers used in its synthesis.

An impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer, processes of forming an impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising an impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer are disclosed. The impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer includes at least one hexahydrotriazine group and at least one chain comprising an allylic portion and a styrenic portion. Variations in the chain control properties of the impact resistant polymer. The process of forming the impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer includes reactions between formaldehyde and at least two classes of monomer that form hexahydrotriazine groups and impact resistant chains. Adjusting relative monomer concentrations controls properties of the impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer. The article of manufacture contains a material that has an impact resistant polymer. Impact resistance of the impact resistant polyhexahydrotriazine polymer is dependent upon variation in relative amounts of monomers used in its synthesis.

The object of the invention is to provide a novel olefin-based molded product useful for various applications.

An olefin-based molded product comprising a polymer including a structural unit of at least one polar olefin monomer represented by the general formula (I) CH.sub.2CHR.sup.2Z(R.sup.1).sub.n is provided. In the formula, Z is a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, and selenium; R.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 1 or 2 depending on the atomic species of Z; and R.sup.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.

A positive resist composition comprising a base polymer comprising recurring units (a) having the structure of an ammonium salt of N-carbonylsulfonamide having an iodized aromatic ring, and recurring units (b1) having an acid labile group-substituted carboxyl group and/or recurring units (b2) having an acid labile group-substituted phenolic hydroxyl group exhibits a high sensitivity, high resolution, low edge roughness and dimensional uniformity, and forms a pattern of good profile after exposure and development.

A positive resist composition comprising a base polymer comprising recurring units (a) having the structure of an ammonium salt of N-carbonylsulfonamide having an iodized aromatic ring, and recurring units (b1) having an acid labile group-substituted carboxyl group and/or recurring units (b2) having an acid labile group-substituted phenolic hydroxyl group exhibits a high sensitivity, high resolution, low edge roughness and dimensional uniformity, and forms a pattern of good profile after exposure and development.

This invention relates to an ion exchange resin for producing bisphenol with high percent conversion and high percent selectivity to bisphenol, especially 4,4 isopropyhdenediphenol, wherein said ion exchange resin comprising aromatic polymer having sulfonic acid group modified with at least one promoter selected from compounds shown in the structure (I), (II), (III), (IV) or its amine salt: wherein R represents hydrocarbon unit with 1 to 6 carbon atoms selected from alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, phenyl group, or optionally hydrocarbon containing carbonyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X represents heteroatom; n is an integer number from 1 to 4. ##STR00001##