The present invention provides alkyl substituted polysaccharide compositions and methods of repairing substrates involving use of the alkyl substituted polysaccharide compositions.

The subject matter is a new composition comprising at least one hydroxyl-group containing resin, at least one nitroso-containing compound or at least one nitroso precursor compound, at least one blocked isocyanate and at least one crystallization germ suitable as primer or coating for rubber to substrate bonding, which provides a scratch resistant surface, when applied, and excellent adhesion and steam resistance for rubber to substrate bonds. These compositions can especially be used as one coat systems.

A functional resin material is manufactured by the following reagents including a polyol, a polyamine, a first cross-linking agent, a second cross-linking agent, and a nanocellulose. Each of the first cross-linking agent and the second cross-linking agent includes an isocyanate block. The nanocellulose includes a repeating unit represented by formula (1),

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An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball travelling a great flight distance on driver shots, having enhanced controllability on approach shots under a wet condition, and being excellent in stain resistance and shot feeling. The present invention provides a golf ball comprising a golf ball body having a cover, and a paint film covering the golf ball body, wherein a 10% elastic modulus of the paint film is 75 kgf/cm.sup.2 or less, a storage modulus (E′.sub.150) at 150° C. of the paint film obtained by measuring dynamic viscoelasticity of the paint film is 1.0×10.sup.7 Pa or more, an indentation depth of the paint film measured with a nanoindenter in a state that the paint film is formed on the surface of the golf ball body is 1250 nm or more, and a material hardness of the cover is 50 or more in Shore D hardness.

Polyol blends are disclosed that include a saccharide-initiated polyether polyol, an aromatic polyester polyol, and a polyalkylene polyamine-initiated polyether polyol. Also disclosed are foam-forming compositions containing such polyol blends, rigid foams made using such polyurethane foam-forming compositions, and methods for producing such foams, including use of such foams as panel insulation.

The invention provides a method of production of biogenic lignin-based polyurethane having soft-segments from the co-polymerization of an organosolv lignin or other low molecular weight lignin and a monomeric polyol. The invention also provides polyurethanes having unique and beneficial properties.

Polymers are disclosed that incorporate portions of secondary or tertiary polyamide segments connected with polyisocyanates. These polymers have enhanced matting properties. The enhanced matting properties are from creating an inherently matt surface from the polymer without the use of any separate fine particle size matting additives. Conventional matting agents such as fine particle size silica usually results in loss of physical properties such as haze development and porosity in the coating from the matting agent. Composites and hybrids of these polymers and other polyamides, polyurethane with vinyl polymers (acrylates) are also disclosed and claimed.

The polyurethane flame retardant is prepared by compounding poly(diphosphophosphazene) (PDPP) and derivatives thereof, poly(diphosphate phosphazene) (MPDPP) (where M=Mg.sup.2+, Ca.sup.2+, transition metal ions, rare earth ions and the like) and poly(diphosphonic phosphazene). Since a phosphate group in the PDPP and an unreacted phosphate group in the MPDPP in the compound and an unreacted hydroxyl in the phosphate group may react with isocyanate, the flame retardant is a reactive flame retardant. Due to the reaction between the flame retardant and the isocyanate, the flame retardant is uniformly distributed in polyurethane and has a better flame-retardant effect. The flame retardant contains multiple flame-retardant components, namely polyphosphazene group, phosphate ester and phosphate salt. Due to the synergistic effect, the flame retardant has good flame-retardant properties, and can be used for various polyurethane materials.

There is provided a urethane resin that is excellent in adhesive strength, and maintains high adhesive strength even after exposure to high temperature and humidity. A urethane resin obtained by reacting a glycol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon-formaldehyde resin (A) modified with a glycol with a polyisocyanate (B) having two or more free isocyanate groups in a molecule.

A polyurethane composition comprising: a) a polyol component including: at least one reaction product of castor oil with ketone resins having an OH number of 110 to 200 mg KOH/g; and at least one aliphatic triol, and b) an polyisocyanate component including: at least one polyisocyanate resin based on hexamethylene diisocyanate comprising one or more polyisocyanate prepolymers derived from the uretdione, the biuret or the isocyanurate of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) blended with a member of the group consisting of the uretdione, the biuret or the isocyanurate of HDI, wherein weight ratio of the polyol o the polyol is in the range of 1.25-2.5. The invention provides curable flooring compositions that display good adhesion and proper mechanical performance, provide a Shore A hardness of 55-70, after curing, produce a nice appeal upon sanding cured composition and quickly regain the original form after load has been placed on the cured material.