Provided are methods for linking polypeptides (including peptides and proteins) to other moieties using radical imitated thiol-ene chemistries, for example, modifying a polypeptide by introducing reactive thiol groups and reacting the thiol groups with olefin-containing reagents or alkyne-containing reagents under conditions that support radical thiol-ene or thiol-yne reactions. The reactive thiol groups have greater activity for radical thiol-ene reactions that a cysteine thiol group, including thiol groups that are separated from the peptide backbone by at least two carbon atoms, for example, the thiol group of a homocysteine residue. Also provided are compositions and biomaterials containing the linked polypeptides, for example, peptide and protein conjugates, and thiol-ene based biocompatible hydrogel polymers, and their uses in the medical field.

To provide a fluorinated ether compound capable of forming a water and oil repellent layer with excellent abrasion resistance on a metal surface of a substrate, a composition, and an article provided with a water and oil repellent layer.

The fluorinated ether compound of the present invention is represented by [R.sup.f—(OX).sub.m—O—].sub.j1Y.sup.1—Z.sup.1[-L.sup.1-S—R.sup.11].sub.g11[R.sup.12].sub.g12. R.sup.f is a perfluoroalkyl group, X is a fluoroalkylene group having at least one fluorine atom, m is an integer of at least 2, Y.sup.1 is a single bond or a (j1+1) valent linking group, and Z.sup.1 is a (g11+g12+1) valent linking group, L.sup.1 is a single bond or a divalent linking group, R.sup.11 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent, R.sup.12 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent, j1 is an integer of at least 1, g11 is an integer of at least 2, and g12 is an integer of at least 0.

Disclosed are a novel monofunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG) and derivatives thereof. More particularly, one terminal of each of the monofunctional polyethylene glycol and derivatives thereof is modified with a siloxy group. The novel monofunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG) offers an alternative to methoxy polyethylene glycol.

A method for producing a fluoropolyether group-containing compound, which includes reacting a fluoropolyether group-containing compound (A) represented by the formula (1) with a compound (C) represented by any of the formulae (c1) to (c4) in the presence of a metal catalyst including at least one selected from Pd, Cu, Ni, Pt, and Ag. The symboles are as defined herein.

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Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to compositions comprising hydrogel-encapsulated/dispersed beta cells, compositions comprising hydrogel-encapsulated/dispersed beta-cell spheroids, processes for forming such compositions, and uses of the compositions. In an embodiment, a composition is provided that includes a first component comprising a hydrogel, the hydrogel comprising, in polymerized form, one or more photoreactive monomers and a thiol linker. The composition further comprises a second component comprising a plurality of beta cells dispersed or encapsulated within the hydrogel.

Provided herein is a process for preparing a heterocycle-functional polyoxyalkylene polyol, in which a polyoxyalkylene polyol having unsaturated groups is reacted with a heterocyclic compound. Also provided herein is a heterocycle-functional polyoxyalkylene polyol, a method of crosslinking a heterocycle-functional polyoxyalkylene polyol, a crosslinked, heterocycle-functional polyoxyalkylene polyol, and related processes.

Polyether diols characterized by a hydroxyl number of 56 or lower, high average functionality and high primary hydroxyl content are prepared by alkoxylating an unsaturated alcohol in multiple steps to form a polyether monol that contains 39% or more primary hydroxyl groups, and then reacting the polyether monol with a mercaptoalcohol that has a primary hydroxyl group.

The present disclosure relates generally to hydrogel biomaterials. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to compositions and methods for developing hydrolytically degradable hydrogels.

Provided are methods for linking polypeptides (including peptides and proteins) to other moieties using radical imitated thiol-ene chemistries, for example, modifying a polypeptide by introducing reactive thiol groups and reacting the thiol groups with olefin-containing reagents or alkyne-containing reagents under conditions that support radical thiol-ene or thiol-yne reactions. The reactive thiol groups have greater activity for radical thiol-ene reactions that a cysteine thiol group, including thiol groups that are separated from the peptide backbone by at least two carbon atoms, for example, the thiol group of a homocysteine residue. Also provided are compositions and biomaterials containing the linked polypeptides, for example, peptide and protein conjugates, and thiol-ene based biocompatible hydrogel polymers, and their uses in the medical field.

An object of the present invention is to provide a layered body of cells that is used in a co-culture technique and that is capable of recognizing as paracrine effect of each cell and detecting the effect with high intensity. The layered body of the present invention is a layered body 1A having a layered structure in which a gel layer 20a containing a hydrogel is disposed between at least two cell layers 10a and 10b containing cells of different types from each other, wherein the hydrogel is a multi-branched polymer hydrogel formed by a reaction of: Liquid A containing a multi-branched polymer A, the polymer containing, as a backbone, a polyethylene glycol containing at least three branches, the branches containing one or more electrophilic functional groups in at least one of a side chain(s) and an end(s); and Liquid B containing a multi-branched polymer B, the polymer containing, as a backbone, a polyethylene glycol containing at least three branches, the branches containing one or more nucleophilic functional groups in at least one of a side chain(s) and an end(s), the concentration of components derived from the multi-branched polymers A and B in the hydrogel is from 0.6 to 8% by weight, and the thickness is from 0.02 mm to 2 mm.