Compositions for use as a low-swelling tissue sealant are disclosed. The compositions include first and second precursor molecules, wherein the first precursor molecule is a polyoxyethylene homopolymer having at least two nucleophilic groups or a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer having at least two nucleophilic groups and the second precursor molecule is a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer having at least two electrophilic groups. Biomaterials for use as a low-swelling tissue sealant, methods of making such biomaterials, devices for applying a biomaterial to a tissue of a patient, methods of sealing a tissue of a patient, and kits also are disclosed.

To provide a degradable polyethylene glycol derivative in which polyethylene glycol chains are linked by a disulfide linker capable of accurately controlling the degradation rate under different reductive environments in the living body, and whose division rate into a polyethylene glycol chain of low molecular weight in the living body is able to be accurately controlled. A degradable polyethylene glycol derivative represented by formula (1). R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is the hydrocarbon group; P.sup.1 is a straight-chain or branched polyethylene glycol chain having a number of ethylene glycol units of 3 or more; P.sup.2 is a straight-chain polyethylene glycol chain having a number of ethylene glycol units of 3 or more; w is an integer of 1 to 8; u is an integer of 1 to 10; X.sup.1 is a chemically reactive functional group; and Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 are each independently a selected divalent spacer.

##STR00001##

Methods and compositions are described for enhancing tissue regeneration or wound repair in a mammalian subject comprising a composition comprising (a) a proline hydroxylase inhibitor component or molecule that increases or upregulates HIF1a and (b) a carrier component comprising a hydrogel.

Disclosed are a novel monofunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG) and derivatives thereof. More particularly, one terminal of each of the monofunctional polyethylene glycol and derivatives thereof is modified with a siloxy group. The novel monofunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG) offers an alternative to methoxy polyethylene glycol.

To provide a fluorinated compound capable of obtaining a cured product which is excellent in heat resistance and mold release and has a high Abbe number; a curable composition containing such a compound; and a cured product which is excellent in heat resistance and mold release and has a high Abbe number. The fluorinated compound is represented by the following formula (A):
[ZOCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2OCFHCF.sub.2X].sub.nQ(A)
where n is an integer of at least 1, Q is a n-valent organic group, X is O, NH or S, and Z is a group having at least one polymerizable functional group.

Unsaturated polyether monols are removed from polyether polyols by reaction with a functionalized thiol compound or a polythiol compound. This process replaces the terminal unsaturation with a functional group, or else couples two or more of the monols to form a polyol. The functionality of the polyether polyol product is increased by the removal of the monols.

Provided is a polyalkoxy fatty compound having the structure (I) ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is a fatty group; R.sup.2 is H or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group; n is 0 to 5; X.sup.1 is S, or NH; X.sup.2 is O, S, or NH; and R.sup.3 is a polymeric group comprising polymerized units of structure (II) and structure (III) ##STR00002##

A hydrophilic polymer derivative having a benzylidene acetal linker whose hydrolysis rate at the pH of a weakly acidic environment in the living body can be accurately controlled. A hydrophilic polymer derivative having a benzylidene acetal linker, which is represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituent and at least one of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 is an electron-withdrawing substituent or at least one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.6 represents a substituent; X.sup.1 is a chemically reactive functional group; P is a hydrophilic polymer; w is an integer of 1 to 8; and Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are an independently selected divalent spacer.

Sliceable bone repair material is a porous block-shaped scaffold containing a hydrogel, wherein the hydrogel is formed by Michael type addition of at least two precursor molecules. Said scaffold is made of a synthetic ceramic material and has interconnected macropores having a diameter above 100 m. In addition said scaffold has a total porosity of 80 to 95%. The total volume of the hydrogel is smaller than the total volume of the interconnected macropores.

Provided is a polyalkoxy fatty compound having the structure (I)

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is a fatty group; R.sup.2 is H or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group; n is 0 to 5; X.sup.1 is S, or NH; X.sup.2 is O, S, or NH; and R.sup.3 is a polymeric group comprising polymerized units of structure (II) and structure (III)

##STR00002##