A method of increasing the rigidity of PIM homo- or co-polymers including repeating units containing at least one biscatechol monomer having a fused spiro-bisindane (SBI) ring system of Formula (I), the SBI ring system including a bicyclic spiro-carbon: (I) wherein each R.sup.1 can be the same or different, each R.sup.2 can be the same or different and wherein R.sup.1 and/or R.sup.2 are selected from any one or more of H; straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated lower C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl groups, wherein the lower alkyl groups can include aromatic or non-aromatic ring structures; R.sup.3OR.sup.4, R.sup.3O(CO)R.sup.4, R.sup.3C(O)OR.sup.4, or R.sup.3OH, wherein each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and are selected from straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated lower C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl groups; and R.sup.5 and R represent suitable linking monomers, wherein the linking monomers can be the same or different and are preferably selected from any one or more tetrahalo aromatic monomers; and wherein the method includes the step of introducing an intra-molecular lock between C1 and C2 of the biscatechol monomer of Formula (I).

The present specification relates to a block polymer and a polymer electrolyte membrane including the same, a membrane-electrode assembly including the polymer electrolyte membrane, a fuel cell including the membrane-electrode assembly and a redox flow battery including the polymer electrolyte membrane.

A method for manufacturing 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoylbenzene), including: reacting terephthaloyl chloride with diphenyl ether in a reaction solvent and in the presence of a Lewis acid, so as to obtain a product mixture including a 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoylbenzene)-Lewis acid complex; contacting the product mixture with a protic solvent, so as to obtain a first phase containing the Lewis acid and a second phase containing 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoylbenzene); subjecting at least the second phase to a solid/liquid separation step by centrifugal filtration, so as to recover solid 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoylbenzene).

A method for manufacturing 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoylbenzene), including: providing a reactant mixture including terephthaloyl chloride and diphenyl ether in a solvent; adding a Lewis acid to the reactant mixture, so as to obtain a product mixture; wherein the temperature of the reactant mixture is greater than 5 C. during at least part of the step of adding the Lewis acid to the reactant mixture.

Disclosed in the present invention are polyetheretherketone and a preparation method therefor. The method of the present invention comprises: introducing argon into a container containing a bisphenol compound to obtain a complex of the bisphenol compound; mixing fluoroketone, alkali carbonate, the complex of the bisphenol compound, and a solvent, and performing temperature programmed treatment on the mixture to generate polyetheretherketone. Therefore, before the polyetheretherketone is prepared, the bisphenol compound is protected by argon and thus can not be oxidized into quinones when reacting with fluoroketone and alkali carbonate, and a whiter polyetheretherketone solid with a higher chromatic value, L* can be obtained.

Provided are: a prepolymer which is capable of forming a non-linear optical material that has excellent non-linear optical effect, heat resistance, withstand voltage and transparency; a curable material which contains the prepolymer; a coating composition which contains the curable material and a solvent; a non-linear optical material which is obtained by curing the curable material; an optical waveguide which uses the non-linear optical material; and a light control device which is provided with the optical waveguide. The present invention uses a prepolymer having a crosslinkable functional group, which is obtained by reacting one or more compounds (X) that are selected from the group consisting of compounds (X1), compounds (X2) and compounds (X3), a compound (Y) that is represented by formula (Y), a compound (Z) that has three or more phenolic hydroxyl groups, and an organic compound (B) that exerts a non-linear optical effect and has a reactive group. ##STR00001##

A polymer electrolyte composition has excellent practicality and excellent chemical stability as to be able to withstand a strong oxidizing atmosphere during fuel cell operation and is able to achieve excellent proton conductivity under a low-humidified condition and excellent mechanical strength and physical durability, and a polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane-electrode assembly, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell produced therefrom. The polymer electrolyte composition includes an ionic group-containing polymer (A), an azole ring-containing compound (B), and a transition metal-containing additive (C), the transition metal being one or more selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, and gold.

An aromatic polyether including a structural unit represented by the following formula (1) and a structural unit represented by the following formula (2), wherein the melt viscosity .sub.12[Pa.Math.s] measured at a shear rate 12 [1/s] and the melt viscosity .sub.1200 measured at a shear rate 1200 [1/s] satisfy a condition of .sub.1200<4.2.sub.12.sup.0.55, when the aromatic polyether is melted at 400 C.

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