Various implementations include a Human Thermoregulation Simulator (HTRS) that simulates the natural and primary thermoregulatory functions of a patient that are relevant during therapeutic hypothermia procedures. For example, in various implementations, a HTRS includes a core container configured to be at least partially filled with water, and the core container includes a heat generator configured to heat the water inside the core container. A middle container is disposed concentrically around the core container, and the middle container includes a foam layer configured to be saturated by water. An outer container is disposed concentrically around the middle container, and the outer container includes a network of tubing disposed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the outer container. The HTRS also includes a pump configured to circulate water from the core container through the network of tubing.

Proposed is a filter fixing module mounted to a handpiece cooling device having a connecting unit such that a refrigerant supply unit is coupled thereto, the filter fixing module including a body having a support surface formed in a plate shape, and a receiving surface formed on an edge of the support surface and protruding in a first direction relative to the support surface so as to prevent removal of a filter received in the support surface, and a grip unit connected to the body, wherein the grip unit comprises a first grip member and a second grip member extending in directions opposite to the protruding direction of the receiving surface relative to the body.

Embodiments include a cryogenic device for alleviating pain by cryogenically treating a nerve, the cryogenic device including a handpiece; a needle coupled to a distal end of the handpiece, the needle including a needle lumen, the needle being configured for insertion into a skin of a patient along an insertion axis at a site laterally displaced from a treatment zone proximate to the nerve. The needle is configured to resiliently bend after insertion away from the insertion axis, such that at least a portion of the needle is adapted to traverse a skin layer laterally toward the treatment zone. The device includes a cooling fluid supply tube extending distally into the needle lumen; and a cooling fluid source, wherein the cooling fluid source is coupled to the cooling fluid supply tube to direct cooling fluid into the needle lumen.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may include an apparel device, including an apparel body including an outer layer and an inner layer, and an interior configured to receive a body part of a user. Embodiments may also include a heat transfer panel disposed between the outer layer and the inner layer. In some embodiments, the heat transfer panel includes a first side and a second side, the first side disposed adjacent the interior of the apparel body. Embodiments may also include a compressed fluid source in fluid communication with the second side of the heat transfer panel. In some embodiments, the compressed fluid source may be configured to selectively deliver compressed fluid to the heat transfer panel. In some embodiments, the heat transfer panel may be configured to cool the interior of the apparel body upon delivery of the compressed fluid to the heat transfer panel.

A flexible catheter is inserted into the esophagus to cool or warm the esophagus, particularly during certain procedures which can tend to change the temperature in the area of the esophagus. The catheter is inserted through the mouth and throat to a position, for example, proximate the heart, but within the esophagus. One or more balloons are inflated to block areas of the esophagus, while a gel is injected into the esophagus where it is immobilized by the one or more balloons. A coolant is pumped through a coolant tube affixed to the catheter, where it exchanges heat with the conductive gel.

A cryogenic fluid composition may include water (H20), and at least one salt. The ratio of water to the at least one salt is approximately between 1% and 6% salt with the remainder water. A cryogenic fluid production device may include a cylindrical housing, and a heat exchanger disposed within the cylindrical housing. The heat exchanger may include an inlet, a channel, and an outlet. A coolant may be conveyed through the inlet, the channel, and the outlet of the heat exchanger. The cryogenic fluid production device may further include an interior wall, and an auger disposed within the interior wall of the heat exchanger.

We report a method of treating an epileptic seizure in a patient, comprising: detecting said epileptic seizure, based on body data from said patient; and reducing a flow of blood to a brain of said patient in response to said detected seizure; wherein said reducing is effected by: increasing the parasympathetic input to said patient's heart, such as by electrically stimulating a parasympathetic nervous structure, applying cooling energy to a sympathetic nervous structure, or administering a cholinergic or a sympatho-blocking agent to said patient. We also report a medical device system configured to implement the method. We also report a non-transitory computer readable program storage unit encoded with instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the method.

A method and apparatus used to prevent brain death by use of rapid and safe cooling of the brain is disclosed. The cisterna magna is accessed through a patient's neck and cooled artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) is circulated about spaces within the brain and in a subarachnoid space surrounding the brain by entering the cisterna magna with an entry through the neck of the patient with a specially designed needle/cannula which allows the flow of cooled aCSF about the brain. aCSF exits from an opening in the skull where a temperature/pressure sensor is placed. Data is sent to a computer-controlled motorized system that pumps cooled aCSF to the needle/cannula placed in the cisterna magna. The pumping of aCSF is controlled to maintain a predetermined temperature and/or pressure of the exiting aCSF.

We report a method of treating an epileptic seizure in a patient, comprising: detecting said epileptic seizure, based on body data from said patient; and reducing a flow of blood to a brain of said patient in response to said detected seizure; wherein said reducing is effected by: increasing the parasympathetic input to said patient's heart, such as by electrically stimulating a parasympathetic nervous structure, applying cooling energy to a sympathetic nervous structure, or administering a cholinergic or a sympatho-blocking agent to said patient. We also report a medical device system configured to implement the method. We also report a non-transitory computer readable program storage unit encoded with instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the method.

Contemplated herein is an automated microscope slide antigen recovery and staining apparatus and method that features a plurality of individually operable miniaturized pressurizable reaction compartments for individually and independently processing a plurality of individual microscope slides. The apparatus preferably features independently movable slide support elements each having an individually heatable heating plate. Each slide support element may support a microscope slide. Each microscope slide can be enclosed within an individual pressurizable reaction compartment. Pressures exceeding 1 atm or below 1 atm can be created and maintained in the reaction compartment prior to, during or after heating of the slide begins. Because of the ability to pressurize and regulate pressure within the reaction compartment, and to individually heat each slide, each slide and a liquid solution or reagent thereon can be heated to temperatures that could not be obtained without the enclosed pressurized environment of the reaction compartment. A reagent dispensing strip having a plurality of reconfigurable reagent modules may also be used.