Provided are a nanophosphor and a silica composite including the nanophosphor. The nanophosphor has a core/first shell/second shell structure or a core/first shell/second shell/third shell structure, wherein the core includes a Yb.sup.3+-doped fluoride-based nanoparticle, the first shell is an up-conversion shell including a Yb.sup.3+ and Tm.sup.3+-codoped fluoride-based crystalline composition, the second shell is a fluoride-based emission shell, and the third shell is an outermost crystalline shell.

Provided is a nanophosphor having a core/double shell structure, the nanophosphor including a upconversion core including a Yb.sup.3+, Ho.sup.3+, and Ce.sup.3+ co-doped fluoride-based nanophosphor represented by Formula 1; a first shell surrounding at least a portion of the upconversion core, and comprising a Nd.sup.3+ and Yb.sup.3+ co-doped fluoride-based crystalline composition represented by Formula 2; and a second shell surrounding at least a portion of the first shell, and having paramagnetic properties represented by Formula 3.

The present disclosure relates to a scintillator, method for manufacturing the same and applications of scintillator. The scintillator has a chemical formula of Tl.sub.2ABC.sub.6:yCe, wherein A includes at least one alkali element; B includes at least one trivalent element; C includes at least one halogen element; and y is equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or smaller than 1.

A scintillation crystal can include Ln.sub.(1-y)RE.sub.yX.sub.3, wherein Ln represents a rare earth element, RE represents a different rare earth element, y has a value in a range of 0 to 1, and X represents a halogen. In an embodiment, RE is Ce, and the scintillation crystal is doped with Sr, Ba, or a mixture thereof at a concentration of at least approximately 0.0002 wt. %. In another embodiment, the scintillation crystal can have unexpectedly improved linearity and unexpectedly improved energy resolution properties. In a further embodiment, a radiation detection system can include the scintillation crystal, a photosensor, and an electronics device. Such a radiation detection system can be useful in a variety of radiation imaging applications.

Provided is a nanophosphor having a core/double shell structure, the nanophosphor including a upconversion core including a Yb.sup.3+, Ho.sup.3+, and Ce.sup.3+ co-doped fluoride-based nanophosphor represented by Formula 1; a first shell surrounding at least a portion of the upconversion core, and comprising a Nd.sup.3+ and Yb.sup.3+ co-doped fluoride-based crystalline composition represented by Formula 2; and a second shell surrounding at least a portion of the first shell, and having paramagnetic properties represented by Formula 3.

The invention relates generally to photoconductive nanocomposite for near-infrared detection, and in particular, to cost-effective and highly photoresponsive photoconductive nanocomposite for near-infrared detection. In particular, the photoconductive nanocomposite comprises a photoconductive composite film of poly(3-hexyl-thiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) mixed with NaYF4:Yb,Er nanophosphors. A method of forming an optoelectronic device cmprising the photoconductive nanocomposite is also disclosed herein.

Provided is a resin molded body with an improved luminous efficiency. Also provided is a composition for obtaining the resin molded body, and a method for producing a resin molded body.

A composition including: particles containing an upconversion material that receives excitation light in a first wavelength range and emits light in a second wavelength range shorter than the first wavelength range; and a curable component, in which the upconversion material contains a rare earth element, and the curable component includes a compound having an alkylene glycol group.

Compositions and methods for determining the origin location of a subterranean rock sample. Compositions include a nanoparticle tag with a fluorescent core and a polymer shell. The fluorescent core can include up-converting nanoparticles, rare earth element doped oxide, long persistent fluorescent materials, or encapsulated lanthanide complexes. Methods include mixing a nanoparticle tag into a fluid, flowing the fluid through a work string into a subterranean formation, recovering subterranean rock samples from the subterranean formation, and determining an origin location of the subterranean rock sample by detecting the presence of the nanoparticle tag on the sample.

Monodisperse particles having: a single pure crystalline phase of a rare earth-containing lattice, a uniform three-dimensional size, and a uniform polyhedral morphology are disclosed. Due to their uniform size and shape, the monodisperse particles self assemble into superlattices. The particles may be luminescent particles such as down-converting phosphor particles and up-converting phosphors. The monodisperse particles of the invention have a rare earth-containing lattice which in one embodiment may be an yttrium-containing lattice or in another may be a lanthanide-containing lattice. The monodisperse particles may have different optical properties based on their composition, their size, and/or their morphology (or shape). Also disclosed is a combination of at least two types of monodisperse particles, where each type is a plurality of monodisperse particles having a single pure crystalline phase of a rare earth-containing lattice, a uniform three-dimensional size, and a uniform polyhedral morphology; and where the types of monodisperse particles differ from one another by composition, by size, or by morphology. In a preferred embodiment, the types of monodisperse particles have the same composition but different morphologies. Methods of making and methods of using the monodisperse particles are disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a process for fabricating a crystalline scintillator material with a structure of elpasolite type of theoretical composition A.sub.2BC.sub.(1-y)M.sub.yX.sub.(6-y) wherein: A is chosen from among Cs, Rb, K, Na, B is chosen from among Li, K, Na, C is chosen from among the rare earths, Al, Ga, M is chosen from among the alkaline earths, X is chosen from among F, Cl, Br, I,

y representing the atomic fraction of substitution of C by M and being in the range extending from 0 to 0.05, comprising its crystallization by cooling from a melt bath comprising r moles of A and s moles of B, the melt bath in contact with the material containing A and B in such a way that 2s/r is above 1. The process shows an improved fabrication yield. Moreover, the crystals obtained can have compositions closer to stoichiometry and have improved scintillation properties.